Peach is a typical climacteric fruit that releases ethylene during fruit ripening. Several studies have been conducted on the transcriptional regulation of ethylene biosynthesis in peach fruit. Herein, an ethylene response factor, PpERF.A16, which was induced by exogenous ethylene, could enhance ethylene biosynthesis by directly inducing the expression of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (PpACS1) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (PpACO1) genes. Moreover, the NAM/ATAF1/2/CUC2 (NAC) transcription factor (TF) PpNAC.A59 was coexpressed with PpERF.A16 in all tested peach cultivars. Interestingly, PpNAC.A59 can directly interact with the promoter of PpERF.A16 to induce its expression but not enhance LUC activity driven by any promoter of PpACS1 or PpACO1. Thus, PpNAC.A59 can indirectly mediate ethylene biosynthesis via the NAC-ERF signaling cascade to induce the expression of both PpACS1 and PpACO1. These results enrich the genetic network of fruit ripening in peach and provide new insight into the ripening mechanism of other perennial fruits.

中文翻译：

---

NAM/ATAF1/2/CUC2转录因子PpNAC.A59增强PpERF.A16表达促进桃果实成熟过程中乙烯生物合成

桃子是典型的更年期水果，果实成熟时会释放乙烯。已经对桃果实中乙烯生物合成的转录调控进行了几项研究。在此，由外源乙烯诱导的乙烯反应因子 PpERF.A16 可以通过直接诱导1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸合酶(PpACS1） 和1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸氧化酶(PpACO1) 基因。此外，NAM/ATAF1/2/CUC2 (NAC) 转录因子 (TF)PpNAC.A59与共表达PPERF.A16在所有测试的桃品种中。有趣的是，PpNAC.A59 可以直接与PPERF.A16诱导其表达但不增强卢克由任何发起人推动的活动PpACS1要么PpACO1. 因此，PpNAC.A59 可以通过 NAC-ERF 信号级联间接介导乙烯生物合成，从而诱导两者的表达。PpACS1和PpACO1. 这些结果丰富了桃果实成熟的遗传网络，并为其他多年生果实的成熟机制提供了新的见解。