Purpose To evaluate the epidemiological trends and associated risk factors of disease burden due to trachoma. Methods Data for the country-specific disability-adjusted life year (DALY) number, rate and age-standardised rate of trachoma together with related data of other common eye diseases were acquired from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 database. The Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), Human Development Index (HDI), inequality-adjusted HDI and other related indices were obtained from published data or publicly available databases. Regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the associations between potential risk factors and the age-standardised DALY burden of trachoma. Results The global DALY burden due to trachoma decreased by 37% from 1990 to 2019 and decreased by 69.8% after adjusting for age and population growth, and, in available 1990–2019 data, had the greatest reduction in attributable DALYs of all common eye disease, with the others analysed being cataract, glaucoma, refractive disorders and age-related macular degeneration. Women had higher age-standardised DALY burden due to trachoma than men (p<0.001). The African region (p<0.001) had the heaviest burden among global regions. The age-standardised DALY rate was higher in countries with lower income (p<0.001) and lower SDI (p<0.001). Higher disease burden due to trachoma was associated with lower HDI (β=−48.102, 95% CI −86.888 to −9.316, p=0.016), lower SDI (β=−48.063, 95% CI −83.702 to −12.423, p<0.001) and lower expected years of schooling (β=−2.352, 95% CI −3.756 to −0.948, p=0.002). Conclusions The global disease burden due to trachoma decreased from 1990 to 2019 and it had the greatest reduction compared with other common eye diseases. Lower HDI, socioeconomic status and educational level were related to a higher national disease burden of trachoma. Our findings could provide necessary information for trachoma control and prevention. Data are available upon reasonable request. -.

中文翻译：

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1990-2019 年沙眼疾病负担的时间趋势和异质性：全球分析

目的 评估沙眼疾病负担的流行病学趋势及相关危险因素。方法 从2019年全球疾病负担研究数据库中获取沙眼国别伤残调整生命年（DALY）数、发生率、年龄标化率以及其他常见眼病的相关数据。社会人口指数（SDI）、人类发展指数（HDI）、不平等调整后的人类发展指数和其他相关指数是从公开数据或公开数据库中获得的。进行回归分析以评估潜在危险因素与沙眼年龄标准化 DALY 负担之间的关联。结果 1990 年至 2019 年，沙眼导致的全球 DALY 负担下降了 37%，在调整年龄和人口增长后下降了 69.8%，并且，在 1990 年至 2019 年的可用数据中，所有常见眼病的归因 DALY 减少幅度最大，分析的其他疾病包括白内障、青光眼、屈光障碍和年龄相关性黄斑变性。女性因沙眼导致的年龄标准化 DALY 负担高于男性 (p<0.001)。非洲地区 (p<0.001) 在全球地区中负担最重。收入较低 (p<0.001) 和 SDI 较低 (p<0.001) 的国家的年龄标准化 DALY 率较高。沙眼引起的较高疾病负担与较低的 HDI（β=-48.102，95% CI -86.888 至 -9.316，p=0.016）和较低的 SDI（β=-48.063，95% CI -83.702 至 -12.423，p< 0.001）和较低的预期受教育年限（β=-2.352，95% CI -3.756 至 -0.948，p=0.002）。结论 1990-2019年全球沙眼疾病负担下降，与其他常见眼病相比下降幅度最大。较低的人类发展指数、社会经济地位和教育水平与较高的沙眼疾病负担有关。我们的研究结果可以为沙眼的控制和预防提供必要的信息。可根据合理要求提供数据。-.