Few studies examine how neighborhood structural factors (e.g., socioeconomic status [SES] and diversity) and perceived disorder may influence the messages parents communicate to their youth about race/ethnicity. Guided by the integrative model and social disorganization theory, this study examines how parents' ethnic–racial socialization messages (ERS) are shaped by the broader environment. Data come from the MacArthur Studies of Diversity in Midlife. Latinx and African American parents N = 508 (M_age = 39) with a child between 6- and 17-years old living in two urban US cities were included. Cultural perceptions were assessed at both the individual level (e.g., perceived discrimination and ethnic affirmation) and neighborhood level along with demographic and structural neighborhood characteristics at the individual and neighborhood level, respectively. Multilevel analyses revealed that at both the individual level and neighborhood levels, perceived neighborhood problems were associated with more frequent messages about ethnicity and race (e.g., cultural socialization and preparation for bias). In addition, neighborhood-level affirmation promoted cultural messages; in contrast, neighborhood-level discrimination experiences positively impacted preparation for unfair treatment. Results reveal how parents' ERS is informed by their own characteristics as well as neighborhood factors. Further, cross-level interactions were found. Findings are discussed in terms of contextual and cultural-developmental theorizing about parenting.

中文翻译：

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非裔美国人和拉丁裔父母种族-种族社会化的邻里水平预测因子

很少有研究探讨社区结构因素（例如，社会经济地位 [SES] 和多样性）和感知障碍如何影响父母向他们的青少年传达的有关种族/民族的信息。在综合模型和社会解体理论的指导下，本研究考察了父母的种族-种族社会化信息 (ERS) 如何受到更广泛环境的影响。数据来自麦克阿瑟中年多样性研究。拉丁裔和非裔美国父母N  = 508 ( M_年龄 = 39) 包括居住在美国两个城市的 6 至 17 岁儿童。文化感知在个人层面（例如，感知歧视和种族肯定）和社区层面以及个人和社区层面的人口和结构社区特征分别进行评估。多层次分析表明，在个人层面和邻里层面，感知到的邻里问题与更频繁的种族和种族信息相关（例如，文化社会化和偏见准备）。此外，社区层面的肯定促进了文化信息；相比之下，社区层面的歧视经历对不公平待遇的准备产生了积极影响。结果揭示了父母的 ERS 受其自身特点和邻里因素的影响。此外，还发现了跨级别的交互。在有关育儿的背景和文化发展理论方面讨论了研究结果。