Background

Track cyclists must develop mental, physical, tactical and technical capabilities to achieve success at an elite level. Given the importance of these components in determining performance, it is of interest to understand the volume of evidence to support implementation in practice by coaches, practitioners, and athletes.

Objective

The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic mapping review to describe the current scale and density of research for testing, training and optimising performance in track cycling.

Methods

All publications involving track cyclist participants were reviewed from four databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Academic Search Complete, Cochrane Library) plus additional sources. Search results returned 4019 records, of which 71 met the inclusion criteria for the review.

Results

The review revealed most published track cycling research investigated athlete testing followed by performance optimisation, with training being the least addressed domain. Research on the physical components of track cycling has been published far more frequently than for tactical or technical components, and only one study was published on the mental components of track cycling. No true experimental research using track cyclists has been published, with 51 non-experimental and 20 quasi-experimental study designs.

Conclusions

Research in track cycling has been growing steadily. However, it is evident there is a clear preference toward understanding the physical—rather than mental, tactical, or technical—demands of track cycling. Future research should investigate how this aligns with coach, practitioner, and athlete needs for achieving track cycling success.

Registration

This systematic mapping review was registered on the Open Science Framework (osf.io/wt7eq).

中文翻译：

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田径自行车手的测试、训练和优化表现：系统的测绘回顾

背景

田径自行车手必须培养心理、身体、战术和技术能力，才能在精英级别取得成功。鉴于这些组成部分在决定表现方面的重要性，了解支持教练、从业者和运动员在实践中实施的证据量是很有意义的。

客观的

本研究的目的是进行系统的绘图审查，以描述当前在赛道自行车测试、训练和优化性能方面的研究规模和密度。

方法

所有涉及田径自行车运动员的出版物均从四个数据库（PubMed、SPORTDiscus、Academic Search Complete、Cochrane Library）和其他来源进行审查。检索结果返回4019条记录，其中71条符合审查纳入标准。

结果

审查显示，大多数已发表的田径自行车研究调查了运动员测试，然后是性能优化，其中训练是最少涉及的领域。关于田径自行车的物理成分的研究发表的频率远高于战术或技术成分，只有一篇关于田径自行车的心理成分的研究发表。尚未发表使用田径自行车手的真正实验研究，有 51 个非实验研究设计和 20 个准实验研究设计。

结论

田径自行车的研究一直在稳步增长。然而，很明显，人们更倾向于理解田径自行车的身体需求，而不是精神、战术或技术需求。未来的研究应该调查这如何与教练、从业者和运动员实现赛道自行车成功的需求保持一致。

登记

该系统制图审查已在开放科学框架 (osf.io/wt7eq) 上注册。