ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives:

We addressed understudied questions in social support. Do providers, who recipients agree are more supportive than others (i.e., consensually supportive), evoke more favorable affect in recipients? Do groups differ in their supportiveness and do supportive groups evoke favorable affect in their members? Can any group differences be explained by dyadic relationships within groups?

Methods:

We analyzed data from seven samples of well-acquainted groups and groups of strangers in which participants rated each other on supportiveness, and affect experienced when with each group member.

Results:

Social Relations Model analyses indicated that consensually supportive providers evoked higher positive affect in recipients but not lower negative affect. Uniquely supportive relationships evoked higher positive and lower negative affect. Groups differed in their supportiveness and more supportive groups evoked higher positive and lower negative affect. Correlations between support and affect at the level of groups primarily reflected dyadic relationships within groups, rather than the groups themselves. Groups of strangers showed the same effects as well-acquainted groups.

Conclusions:

The findings for consensually supportive providers and low negative affect is inconsistent with most social support theory. Supportive groups’ links to affect could be explained by dyadic relationships within groups, rather than the groups themselves.

中文翻译：

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支持型的人会唤起积极的影响，但不会减少消极的影响，而支持型群体是由有利的二元效应产生的，而不是群体效应

摘要

背景和目标：

我们解决了社会支持方面未充分研究的问题。接受者同意比其他人更支持（即自愿支持）的提供者是否会在接受者中引起更有利的影响？团体的支持程度是否不同，支持团体是否会在其成员中引起良好的影响？任何群体差异都可以用群体内的二元关系来解释吗？

方法：

我们分析了来自 7 个熟悉的群体和陌生人群体的样本的数据，其中参与者对彼此的支持程度以及与每个群体成员相处时所经历的影响进行评分。

结果：

社会关系模型分析表明，自愿支持的提供者在接受者中引起了更高的积极影响，而不是较低的消极影响。独特的支持性关系会引起更高的积极情绪和更低的消极情绪。各组的支持程度不同，更多的支持组会引起更高的积极情绪和更低的消极情绪。群体层面的支持和影响之间的相关性主要反映了群体内部的二元关系，而不是群体本身。一群陌生人表现出与熟悉的群体相同的效果。

结论：

自愿支持提供者和低负面影响的发现与大多数社会支持理论不一致。支持性团体与影响的联系可以用团体内的二元关系来解释，而不是团体本身。