The efficacy of sex offender treatment (SOT) is a matter of ongoing discussion and research in forensic psychotherapy. This study evaluates the efficacy of outpatient SOT after discharge from prison. Recidivism rates of participants treated in outpatient departments for sex offenders in Bavaria between 2008 and 2016 (treatment group, TG; n = 353) were compared with those of a matched group of released offenders without treatment (control group, CG; n = 353). The mean follow-up period was 4.5 years. The primary outcome of interest was whether the rates of reoffending differed significantly between the two groups. We compared general and specific rates of reoffending, time to reoffending, and type of reoffending. The groups differed significantly regarding the rates and time of violent reoffending and reoffending overall, but not regarding sexual reoffending respectively the type of sexual reoffending. The results indicate that outpatient SOT is effective in reducing the general but not the specific risk of reoffending.

性犯罪者治疗 (SOT) 的功效是法医心理治疗中正在进行的讨论和研究的问题。本研究评估出狱后门诊 SOT 的疗效。将 2008 年至 2016 年在巴伐利亚州性犯罪者门诊部接受治疗的参与者的再犯率（治疗组，TG；n  = 353）与未治疗的获释罪犯匹配组（对照组，CG；n = 353）。平均随访时间为 4.5 年。感兴趣的主要结果是两组之间的再犯罪率是否存在显着差异。我们比较了再犯的一般和具体比率、再犯时间和再犯类型。各组在暴力再犯和再犯的比率和时间方面存在显着差异，但在性再犯和性再犯的类型方面没有显着差异。结果表明，门诊 SOT 可有效降低再犯罪的一般风险，但不能有效降低特定风险。