SMR neurofeedback shows potential as a therapeutic tool for reducing sleep problems. It is hypothesized that SMR neurofeedback trains the reticulo-thalamocortical-cortical circuit involved in sleep-spindle generation. As such, strengthening this circuit is hypothesized to reduce sleep problems. The current study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a home-based device that uses SMR neurofeedback to help reduce sleep problems. Thirty-seven participants reporting sleep problems received the SMR neurofeedback-based program for 40 (n = 21) or 60 (n = 16) sessions. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Holland Sleep Disorders Questionnaire (HSDQ) were assessed at baseline, session 20, outtake, and follow-up (FU). Actigraphy measurements were taken at baseline, session 20, and outtake. Significant improvements were observed in PSQI Total (d = 0.78), PSQI Sleep Duration (d = 0.52), HSDQ Total (d = 0.80), and HSDQ Insomnia (d = 0.79). Sleep duration (based on PSQI) increased from 5.3 h at baseline to 5.8 after treatment and 6.0 h. at FU. No effects of number of sessions were found. Participants qualified as successful SMR-learners demonstrated a significantly larger gain in sleep duration (d = 0.86 pre-post; average gain = 1.0 h.) compared to non-learners. The home-based SMR tele-neurofeedback device shows the potential to effectively reduce sleep problems, with SMR-learners demonstrating significantly better improvement. Although randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are needed to further elucidate the specific effect of this device on sleep problems, this is the first home-based SMR neurofeedback device using dry electrodes demonstrating effectiveness and feasibility.

SMR 神经反馈显示出作为减少睡眠问题的治疗工具的潜力。据推测，SMR 神经反馈训练参与睡眠纺锤生成的网状丘脑皮质回路。因此，假设加强这个回路可以减少睡眠问题。目前的研究旨在调查使用 SMR 神经反馈帮助减少睡眠问题的家用设备的有效性。报告睡眠问题的 37 名参与者接受了基于 SMR 神经反馈的计划，持续时间为 40（n  = 21）或 60（n = 16) 会话。匹兹堡睡眠质量指数 (PSQI) 和荷兰睡眠障碍问卷 (HSDQ) 在基线、第 20 次会议、服用和随访 (FU) 进行了评估。活动记录测量是在基线、第 20 次会议和开始时进行的。在 PSQI 总（ d  = 0.78）、PSQI 睡眠持续时间（d  = 0.52）、HSDQ 总（d  = 0.80）和 HSDQ 失眠（d  = 0.79）方面观察到显着改善。睡眠时间（基于 PSQI）从基线的 5.3 小时增加到治疗后的 5.8 小时和 6.0 小时。在傅。没有发现会话数的影响。有资格成为成功的 SMR 学习者的参与者在睡眠时间方面表现出明显更大的增长（d = 0.86 发布前；与非学习者相比，平均增益 = 1.0 小时。基于家庭的 SMR 远程神经反馈设备显示出有效减少睡眠问题的潜力，SMR 学习者表现出明显更好的改善。虽然需要随机对照试验 (RCT) 来进一步阐明该设备对睡眠问题的具体影响，但这是第一个使用干电极的家用 SMR 神经反馈设备，证明了有效性和可行性。