Although the functional trait approach can facilitate the understanding of mechanisms that underline community responses to habitat alteration, only a few studies used this way on exploring the structure of insect assemblages compared to taxon-based analyses. We compared the descriptive power of medium-term effects (2014–2018) of forestry treatments in a temperate managed oak-dominated forest on taxon- vs. trait-based descriptors of ground beetle assemblages. The treatments included rotation forestry (partial preparation cutting, clear-cutting, retention-tree group, and mature closed forest as control) and continuous cover forestry (gap cutting) operations. The species composition was only slightly influenced by the treatments; on the ordination biplot, the control, retention tree group, and clear-cutting treatments formed relatively homogeneous groups, well separated from each other, while the others were scattered randomly in the ordination space. Over time, the species richness decreased in all treatments, but it was higher in the retention tree group treatment than in others in 2016 and 2017. The activity density also declined between years, but an immediate mass effect was revealed after the implementation of treatment types especially in the control, gap, and preparation cuts. We found that assemblages in the clear-cutting and retention-tree group had similar characteristics: high functional diversity; more open-habitat, generalist, and omnivore species and fewer carnivore species; while those in the control, gap, and preparation cutting groups had the opposite: lower functional diversity, more forest species, and more carnivorous species. Our findings will demonstrate that the simultaneous use of the two approaches will allow the most articulate understanding of the status of ground beetles assemblages in managed forests.

中文翻译：

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与基于分类的描述符相比，carabids 的功能可塑性可以更好地假设群落组成的变化

尽管功能性状方法可以促进对强调群落对栖息地改变的反应机制的理解，但与基于分类的分析相比，只有少数研究使用这种方式来探索昆虫组合的结构。我们比较了温带管理的以橡树为主的森林中林业处理的中期效果（2014-2018 年）对地面甲虫组合的分类与性状描述的描述能力。处理包括轮作造林（部分整伐、清伐、保留树组和成熟封闭林作为对照）和连续覆盖造林（间隙采伐）作业。物种组成仅受处理的轻微影响；在排序双图上，控制，保留树组，而清切处理则形成了相对同质的组，彼此之间很好地分开，而其他的则随机分散在排序空间中。随着时间的推移，所有处理的物种丰富度均有所下降，但在 2016 年和 2017 年，保留树组处理的物种丰富度高于其他处理。活动密度在不同年份之间也有所下降，但在实施处理类型后显示出立即的质量效应尤其是在控制、间隙和准备削减方面。我们发现清除和保留树组中的组合具有相似的特征：功能多样性高；更多的开放栖息地、通才和杂食动物物种和更少的肉食动物物种；而对照组、间隙组和预备伐木组则相反：功能多样性较低，森林物种较多，和更多的肉食性物种。我们的研究结果将表明，同时使用这两种方法将使人们能够最清楚地了解管理森林中地面甲虫组合的状况。