The liver has the ability to repair itself after injury; however, a variety of pathological changes in the liver can affect its ability to regenerate, and this could lead to liver failure. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered a good source of cells for regenerative medicine, as they regulate liver regeneration through different mechanisms, and their efficacy has been demonstrated by many animal experiments and clinical studies. Induced pluripotent stem cells, another good source of MSCs, have also made great progress in the establishment of organoids, such as liver disease models, and in drug screening. Owing to the recent developments in MSCs and induced pluripotent stem cells, combined with emerging technologies including graphene, nano-biomaterials, and gene editing, precision medicine and individualized clinical treatment may be realized in the near future.

肝脏有损伤后自我修复的能力；然而，肝脏的多种病理变化会影响其再生能力，这可能导致肝功能衰竭。间充质干细胞（MSCs）被认为是再生医学的良好细胞来源，因为它们通过不同的机制调节肝脏再生，其功效已被许多动物实验和临床研究证明。诱导多能干细胞是MSCs的另一个良好来源，在肝病模型等类器官的建立和药物筛选方面也取得了长足的进步。由于间充质干细胞和诱导多能干细胞的最新发展，结合石墨烯、纳米生物材料和基因编辑等新兴技术，