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What Are the Health Consequences of Upward Mobility?
Annual Review of Psychology ( IF 23.6 ) Pub Date : 2022-01-04 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-psych-033020-122814
Edith Chen 1 , Gene H Brody 2 , Gregory E Miller 1
Affiliation  

Health disparities by socioeconomic status (SES) have been extensively documented, but less is known about the physical health implications of achieving upward mobility. This article critically reviews the evolving literature in this area, concluding that upward mobility is associated with a trade-off, whereby economic success and positive mental health in adulthood can come at the expense of physical health, a pattern termed skin-deep resilience. We consider explanations for this phenomenon, including prolonged high striving, competing demands between the environments upwardly mobile individuals seek to enter and their environments of origin, cultural mismatches between adaptive strategies from their childhood environments and those that are valued in higher-SES environments, and the sense of alienation, lack of belonging, and discrimination that upwardly mobile individuals face as they move into spaces set up by and for high-SES groups. These stressors are hypothesized to lead to unhealthy behaviors and a dysregulation of biological systems, with implications for cardiometabolic health.

中文翻译:



向上流动对健康有何影响?



社会经济地位(SES)造成的健康差异已被广泛记录,但人们对实现向上流动对身体健康的影响知之甚少。本文批判性地回顾了这一领域不断发展的文献,得出的结论是,向上流动与一种权衡有关,即成年后的经济成功和积极的心理健康可能会以牺牲身体健康为代价,这种模式被称为“表面弹性”。我们考虑对这种现象的解释,包括长期的高度奋斗、向上流动的个人寻求进入的环境与其原籍环境之间的竞争需求、童年环境的适应策略与较高SES环境中重视的策略之间的文化不匹配,以及向上流动的个人在进入由高社会经济地位群体设立的或为高社会经济地位群体设立的空间时面临的疏离感、缺乏归属感和歧视。据推测,这些压力源会导致不健康的行为和生物系统失调,从而影响心脏代谢健康。

更新日期:2022-01-05
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