Biological synapses store multiple memories on top of each other in a palimpsest fashion and at different timescales. Palimpsest consolidation is facilitated by the interaction of hidden biochemical processes that govern synaptic efficacy during varying lifetimes. This arrangement allows idle memories to be temporarily overwritten without being forgotten, in favour of new memories utilised in the short-term. While embedded artificial intelligence can greatly benefit from such functionality, a practical demonstration in hardware is still missing. Here, we show how the intrinsic properties of metal-oxide volatile memristors emulate the hidden processes that support biological palimpsest consolidation. Our memristive synapses exhibit an expanded doubled capacity which can protect a consolidated long-term memory while up to hundreds of uncorrelated short-term memories temporarily overwrite it. The synapses can also implement familiarity detection of previously forgotten memories. Crucially, palimpsest operation is achieved automatically and without the need for specialised instructions. We further demonstrate a practical adaptation of this technology in the context of image vision. This showcases the use of emerging memory technologies to efficiently expand the capacity of artificial intelligence hardware towards more generalised learning memories.

中文翻译：

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存储在忆阻突触中的翻版记忆

生物突触以最简单的方式在不同的时间尺度上将多个记忆存储在彼此之上。Palimpsest 整合是通过隐藏的生化过程的相互作用来促进的，这些过程在不同的生命周期中控制着突触的功效。这种安排允许暂时覆盖空闲内存而不会被遗忘，有利于短期内使用的新内存。虽然嵌入式人工智能可以从此类功能中受益匪浅，但仍然缺少硬件的实际演示。在这里，我们展示了金属氧化物挥发性忆阻器的内在特性如何模拟支持生物翻版整合的隐藏过程。我们的忆阻突触表现出扩大的双倍容量，可以保护巩固的长期记忆，同时多达数百个不相关的短期记忆暂时覆盖它。突触还可以实现对以前遗忘的记忆的熟悉度检测。至关重要的是，palimpsest 操作是自动实现的，不需要专门的指令。我们进一步展示了该技术在图像视觉背景下的实际应用。这展示了使用新兴记忆技术有效地将人工智能硬件的容量扩展到更通用的学习记忆。palimpsest 操作是自动完成的，不需要专门的指令。我们进一步展示了该技术在图像视觉背景下的实际应用。这展示了使用新兴记忆技术有效地将人工智能硬件的容量扩展到更通用的学习记忆。palimpsest 操作是自动完成的，不需要专门的指令。我们进一步展示了该技术在图像视觉背景下的实际适应性。这展示了使用新兴记忆技术有效地将人工智能硬件的容量扩展到更通用的学习记忆。