Although urbanization is increasing worldwide, private gardens may help mitigate the impact of urbanization on butterfly diversity. We investigated how local and landscape factors correspond with the observed butterfly species diversity and species composition in Viennese private gardens. The goal is to determine the importance of private gardens for butterfly conservation. Butterfly species were observed by skilled volunteers by applying a citizen science approach. We related butterfly species numbers in private gardens with local parameters and landscape composition in a radius of 1 km around each garden. Data were analyzed using a regression approach based on generalized linear models. The butterfly species richness in private gardens was positively correlated with butterfly species richness in the surrounding landscapes. Butterfly species richness in private gardens increased with higher proportions of area relevant for butterflies in the surrounding landscape and with increasing numbers of host and nectar plant species in the private gardens. A higher proportion of wooded areas in the surrounding landscape was related with a smaller proportion of the landscape butterfly species pool being observed in the private gardens. Overall, our results could be useful in land use planning, and for future studies of how to integrate citizen science and make urban gardens more beneficial for butterfly conservation.

尽管世界范围内的城市化进程在不断增加，但私人花园可能有助于减轻城市化对蝴蝶多样性的影响。我们调查了当地和景观因素如何与维也纳私人花园中观察到的蝴蝶物种多样性和物种组成相对应。目标是确定私人花园对蝴蝶保护的重要性。熟练的志愿者通过应用公民科学方法观察蝴蝶物种。我们将私家花园中的蝴蝶物种数量与每个花园周围 1 公里半径内的局部参数和景观构成联系起来。使用基于广义线性模型的回归方法分析数据。私家花园蝴蝶种类丰富度与周边景观蝴蝶种类丰富度呈正相关。随着周围景观中与蝴蝶相关的面积比例增加，以及私家花园中寄主和花蜜植物物种数量的增加，私家花园中的蝴蝶物种丰富度也随之增加。周围景观中树木繁茂的区域比例较高，与私家花园中观察到的景观蝴蝶物种库的比例较小有关。总体而言，我们的结果可用于土地利用规划，以及如何整合公民科学并使城市花园更有益于蝴蝶保护的未来研究。周围景观中树木繁茂的区域比例较高，与私家花园中观察到的景观蝴蝶物种库的比例较小有关。总体而言，我们的结果可用于土地利用规划，以及如何整合公民科学并使城市花园更有益于蝴蝶保护的未来研究。周围景观中树木繁茂的区域比例较高，与私家花园中观察到的景观蝴蝶物种库的比例较小有关。总体而言，我们的结果可用于土地利用规划，以及如何整合公民科学并使城市花园更有益于蝴蝶保护的未来研究。