The Nereid Platynereis dumerilii (Audouin and Milne Edwards (Annales des Sciences Naturelles 1:195–269, 1833) is a marine annelid that belongs to the Nereididae, a family of errant polychaete worms. The Nereid shows a pelago-benthic life cycle: as a general characteristic for the superphylum of Lophotrochozoa/Spiralia, it has spirally cleaving embryos developing into swimming trochophore larvae. The larvae then metamorphose into benthic worms living in self-spun tubes on macroalgae. Platynereis is used as a model for genetics, regeneration, reproduction biology, development, evolution, chronobiology, neurobiology, ecology, ecotoxicology, and most recently also for connectomics and single-cell genomics. Research on the Nereid started with studies on eye development and spiralian embryogenesis in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Transitioning into the molecular era, Platynereis research focused on posterior growth and regeneration, neuroendocrinology, circadian and lunar cycles, fertilization, and oocyte maturation. Other work covered segmentation, photoreceptors and other sensory cells, nephridia, and population dynamics. Most recently, the unique advantages of the Nereid young worm for whole-body volume electron microscopy and single-cell sequencing became apparent, enabling the tracing of all neurons in its rope-ladder-like central nervous system, and the construction of multimodal cellular atlases. Here, we provide an overview of current topics and methodologies for P. dumerilii, with the aim of stimulating further interest into our unique model and expanding the active and vibrant Platynereis community.

中文翻译：

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海女星的崛起：Platynereis 作为模型系统


沙蚕 (Nereid Platynereis dumerilii)（Audouin 和 Milne Edwards (Annales des Sciences Naturelles 1:195–269, 1833)）是一种海洋环节动物，属于沙蚕科，是一种游走的多毛类蠕虫。沙蚕表现出远游-底栖生活史：旋毛虫总门的一个普遍特征，它具有螺旋分裂的胚胎，发育成游动的轮轮幼虫，然后幼虫变态为生活在大型藻类的自纺管中的底栖蠕虫，被用作遗传学、再生和繁殖的模型。生物学、发育、进化、时间生物学、神经生物学、生态学、生态毒理学，以及最近的连接组学和单细胞基因组学，对海星的研究始于十九世纪和二十世纪初对眼睛发育和螺旋胚胎发生的研究。在分子时代，扁颈龟的研究重点是后部生长和再生、神经内分泌学、昼夜节律和月球周期、受精和卵母细胞成熟。其他工作包括分割、光感受器和其他感觉细胞、肾病和种群动态。最近，海螺幼虫在全身体积电子显微镜和单细胞测序方面的独特优势变得明显，能够追踪其绳梯状中枢神经系统中的所有神经元，并构建多模式细胞图谱。在这里，我们概述了 P. dumerilii 的当前主题和方法，旨在激发人们对我们独特模型的进一步兴趣，并扩大活跃和充满活力的 Platynereis 社区。