Several ancient settlements of the Middle Chalcolithic period (c.5200–4750 BC) have been identified in the Asia Minore (Turkey). One of these ancient settlements, the Güvercinkayası settlement, was founded in Central Anatolia, and is the precursor of the castle city model. This study was carried out in order to reveal the basic geological features of the region where Güvercinkayası settlement was established. In addition, it was aimed to define the plaster, mortar and building stones used in settlement, to determine the source areas and to understand the selection and use of building materials in that period.

The obtained data show that the Güvercinkayası settlement was established on the Lower Pliocene (5.33–3.60 Ma) Kızılkaya ignimbrite, and mineralogical composition of the ignimbrite consists mainly of tridymite, cristobalite, orthoclase (rarely sanidine), plagioclase, quartz, biotite, and secondary calcite. The Kızılkaya ignimbrite was mainly used as building stones on the walls, and as aggregate in the mortars. Similar to the other Middle Chalcolithic period settlements in the region, it is seen that easily processed materials from nearby sources were chosen as building materials. In addition, the fact that protein and oil are not used as additives and preservatives in mortars and plasters proves that these materials are not widely used yet.

中东铜石期（若干古代定居点角公元前5200-4750）已在亚洲MINORE（土耳其）被确定。这些古老的定居点之一，Güvercinkayası 定居点，建立在安纳托利亚中部，是城堡城市模式的先驱。进行这项研究是为了揭示 Güvercinkayası 定居点建立地区的基本地质特征。此外，它还旨在确定用于沉降的石膏、砂浆和建筑石料，确定来源区域并了解该时期建筑材料的选择和使用。

获得的数据表明，Güvercinkayası聚落建立在下上新世（5.33-3.60 Ma）Kızılkaya ignimbrite上，并且该ignimbrite的矿物成分主要由鳞石英、方石英、正长石（很少有砂岩）、斜长石、石英、黑云母组成方解石。Kızılkaya ignimbrite 主要用作墙壁上的建筑石头和砂浆中的骨料。与该地区其他中铜器时代的定居点类似，可以看出附近来源的易于加工的材料被选为建筑材料。此外，在砂浆和灰泥中不使用蛋白质和油作为添加剂和防腐剂的事实证明这些材料尚未得到广泛应用。