Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli have been found in healthy individuals in Indonesia and Vietnam. The ISEcp1-bla_CTX-M transposition unit of ESBL-producing bacterial isolates has been considered responsible for the production of CTX-M type ESBL and it is important for the dissemination of bla_CTX-M. This study aimed to characterize the upstream genetic structure (UGS) of E. coli isolates possessing bla_CTX-M-1 group and/or bla_CTX-M-9 group genes obtained from healthy individuals in Indonesia and Vietnam. A total of 501 CTX-M type ESBL-producing E. coli isolates possessing bla_CTX-M-1 group and/or bla_CTX-M-9 group genes were obtained from healthy individuals of the two countries in 2018. The UGSs of the ISEcp1-bla_CTX-M transposition unit of the 501 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were amplified by barcode-adaptor-ligation-mediated PCR and analyzed using the Nanopore sequencer. The obtained sequence information was used to classify the UGSs of the ISEcp1-bla_CTX-M transposition unit. From the 501 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates, 502 UGSs were obtained, which were classified into 85 UGS types based on the sequence. ISEcp1 of 359 (71.5%) of the 502 UGSs was disrupted by gene insertion, and ISEcp1-bla_CTX-M transposition unit of most (87.1%) of the determined UGSs was confirmed as plasmidic. Only 6 (7.1%) of the 85 UGS types were common to both countries. Our results indicated that many different UGSs of ISEcp1-bla_CTX-M transposition units were detected in Indonesia and Vietnam; hence, we suggest that structurally different kinds of plasmids harboring bla_CTX-M were separately distributed in the two countries.

中文翻译：

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从印度尼西亚和越南社区获得的携带 blaCTX-M 的大肠杆菌分离株中 ISEcp1-blaCTX-M 转座单元的上游遗传结构分析

在印度尼西亚和越南的健康个体中发现了产超广谱 β-内酰胺酶 (ESBL) 的大肠杆菌。产生 ESBL 的细菌分离物的 IS Ecp1 - bla _{CTX-M转座单位被认为是产生 CTX-M 型 ESBL 的原因，它对}bla _CTX-M的传播很重要。本研究旨在表征从印度尼西亚和越南的健康个体获得的具有bla _CTX-M-1组和/或bla _{CTX-M-9组基因的}大肠杆菌分离株的上游遗传结构 (UGS)。共 501 个 CTX-M 型产 ESBL大肠杆菌2018年从两国健康个体中获得具有bla _CTX-M-1组和/或bla _{CTX-M-9组基因的分离株。501 ESBL-的IS} Ecp1 - bla _CTX-M转座单元的UGS通过条形码-接头-连接介导的 PCR 扩增生产大肠杆菌分离物，并使用纳米孔测序仪进行分析。获得的序列信息用于对 IS Ecp1 - bla _CTX-M转座单元的 UGS 进行分类。从501株产ESBL的大肠杆菌中，获得502个UGS，根据序列分为85个UGS类型。是502 个 UGS 中的 359 个 (71.5%) 的Ecp1被基因插入破坏，确定的大多数 (87.1%) UGS 的IS Ecp1 - bla _{CTX-M转座单元被确认为质粒。}在 85 种 UGS 类型中，只有 6 种（7.1%）是两国共有的。我们的结果表明，在印度尼西亚和越南检测到许多不同的 IS Ecp1 - bla _{CTX-M转座单元的 UGS；}因此，我们建议结构上不同种类的含有bla _CTX-M的质粒分别分布在这两个国家。