Three acid zeolites (H-ZSM-5, H-Beta, and H-FER) were evaluated in the oleic acid isomerization to branched-chain fatty acids (bc-FA). Understanding its kinetic behavior is essential to develop new technologies regarding biofuels, lubricants, and cosmetics. The catalysts were characterized through XRD, N₂ physisorption, and NH₃-TPD. Preliminary reactions demonstrated that Ferrierite shows better yields in the reaction, which is associated with its higher Brønsted acidity. Optimal reaction pressure and time were 10 bar and 10 h, respectively. A full factorial design of experiments was used to evaluate the reaction temperature and the use of the cocatalysts, water and triphenylphosphine (TPP). The maximum yield (59%) was achieved using 8% of water and 10% of TPP at 300 °C. A reaction mechanism in which the oleic acid turns into its trans isomer before bc-FA formation was proposed, and the kinetic modeling of the process was carried out with reproducible results.

中文翻译：

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油酸在酸性沸石上的异构化：实验设计和新型动力学机制的建议

在油酸异构化为支链脂肪酸 (bc-FA) 的过程中评估了三种酸性沸石（H-ZSM-5、H-Beta 和 H-FER）。了解其动力学行为对于开发有关生物燃料、润滑剂和化妆品的新技术至关重要。通过XRD、N ₂物理吸附和NH ₃对催化剂进行表征-TPD。初步反应表明，镁碱沸石在反应中表现出更好的产率，这与其较高的布朗斯台德酸度有关。最佳反应压力和时间分别为 10 巴和 10 小时。实验的全因子设计用于评估反应温度和助催化剂、水和三苯基膦 (TPP) 的使用。在 300 °C 下使用 8% 的水和 10% 的 TPP 可实现最大产率 (59%)。提出了油酸在 bc-FA 形成之前转变为其反式异构体的反应机制，并进行了该过程的动力学建模，结果可重复。