The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of lubricating oil age on the generation of diesel particulate filters (DPF) by non-thermal plasma (NTP) technology and to characterize the physical properties of ash. The regeneration status was evaluated by the concentration of regeneration products and regeneration temperature. The compositional and morphological characteristics of ash were analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Compared with DPF@L-fresh, the internal regeneration temperature was reduced in DPF@L-age. The unit removal time of carbon was 39.23 min/g for DPF@L-fresh but was reduced to 34.87 min/g for DPF@L-age, which indicated that the efficiency of NTP regeneration increased. Shorter regeneration time and lower airflow resistance caused by NTP technology aided the formation of a unique chain-type ash with the structure of a hollow column. Several fine particles that had formed by the condensation of volatiles were distributed on the ash surface of the aged lubricant, and the ash clusters were loosely combined. TEM images revealed that ash was mostly composed of a crystal structure, that the ash dimension of aged lubricant decreased, and that the adhesion between ash particulates was weak.

本研究的目的是通过非热等离子体 (NTP) 技术评估润滑油老化对柴油颗粒过滤器 (DPF) 生成的影响，并表征灰分的物理特性。再生状态通过再生产物的浓度和再生温度来评价。通过能量色散 X 射线光谱 (EDX)、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 和透射电子显微镜 (TEM) 分析灰分的成分和形态特征。与 DPF@L-fresh 相比，DPF@L-age 的内部再生温度降低。DPF@L-fresh 的单位除碳时间为 39.23 min/g，而 DPF@L-age 的单位去除时间为 34.87 min/g，表明 NTP 再生效率提高。NTP技术带来的更短的再生时间和更低的气流阻力有助于形成具有空心柱结构的独特链式灰。挥发物凝结形成的几个细小颗粒分布在老化润滑剂的灰分表面，灰分簇松散地结合在一起。TEM 图像显示，灰分主要由晶体结构组成，老化润滑剂的灰分尺寸减小，灰分颗粒之间的附着力较弱。