Cardiac involvement is a common and serious problem in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Echocardiographic evaluation of systolic and diastolic function by traditional, tissue Doppler and three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography was performed in consecutive 50 MIS-C patients during hospitalization and age-matched 40 healthy controls. On the day of worst left ventricular (LV) systolic function (echo-1), all left and right ventricular systolic function parameters were significantly lower (p < 0.001), E/A ratio was significantly lower, and averaged E/e' ratio was significantly higher (median 1.5 vs. 1.8, p < 0.05; 8.9 vs. 6.3, p < 0.001 respectively) in patients compared to control. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to 3D LV ejection fraction (LVEF) on the echo-1: Group 1; LVEF < 55%, 26 patients, and group 2; LVEF ≥ 55%, 24 patients. E/e' ratio was significantly higher in group 1 than group 2 and control at discharge (median 7.4 vs. 6.9, p = 0.005; 7.4 vs. 6.3, p < 0.001 respectively). Coronary ectasia was detected in 2 patients (z score: 2.53, 2.6 in the right coronary artery), and resolved at discharge. Compared with group 2, group 1 had significantly higher troponin-I (median 658 vs. 65 ng/L; p < 0.001), NT-pro BNP (median 14,233 vs. 1824 ng/L; p = 0.001), procalcitonin (median 10.9 vs. 2.1 µg/L; p = 0.009), ferritin (median 1234 vs. 308 µg/L; p = 0.003). The most common findings were ventricular systolic dysfunction recovering during hospitalization, and persisting LV diastolic dysfunction in the reduced LVEF group at discharge. Coronary artery involvement was rare in the acute phase of the disease. Also, in MIS-C patients, the correlation between LV systolic dysfunction and markers of inflammation and cardiac biomarkers should be considered.

中文翻译：

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与 COVID-19 相关的儿童多系统炎症综合征 (MIS-C) 的超声心动图检查结果及其与实验室值的相关性。

心脏受累是儿童多系统炎症综合征 (MIS-C) 中常见且严重的问题。通过传统、组织多普勒和三维 (3D) 超声心动图对住院期间连续 50 名 MIS-C 患者和年龄匹配的 40 名健康对照进行超声心动图评估。在左心室 (LV) 收缩功能 (echo-1) 最差的当天，所有左右心室收缩功能参数均显着降低 (p < 0.001)，E/A 比显着降低，平均 E/e' 比与对照组相比，患者显着更高（中位数 1.5 对 1.8，p < 0.05；8.9 对 6.3，p < 0.001）。根据 echo-1 上的 3D LV 射血分数 (LVEF) 将患者分为 2 组： 1 组；LVEF < 55%，26 名患者，第 2 组；LVEF ≥ 55%，24 名患者。出院时，第 1 组的 E/e' 比显着高于第 2 组和对照组（中位数分别为 7.4 对 6.9，p = 0.005；7.4 对 6.3，p < 0.001）。2 名患者检测到冠状动脉扩张（z 评分：2.53，右冠状动脉为 2.6），并在出院时消退。与第 2 组相比，第 1 组的肌钙蛋白-I（中位数 658 对 65 ng/L；p < 0.001）、NT-pro BNP（中位数 14,233 对 1824 ng/L；p = 0.001）、降钙素原（中位数10.9 vs. 2.1 µg/L；p = 0.009)，铁蛋白（中位数 1234 vs. 308 µg/L；p = 0.003）。最常见的发现是住院期间心室收缩功能障碍恢复，出院时左室射血分数降低组持续左室舒张功能障碍。冠状动脉受累在疾病的急性期很少见。此外，在 MIS-C 患者中，