Information represented by principal neurons in anterior piriform cortex (APC) is regulated by local, recurrent excitation and inhibition, but the circuit mechanisms remain elusive. Two types of layer 2 (L2) principal neurons, semilunar (SL), and superficial pyramidal (SP) cells, are parallel output channels, and the control of their activity gates the output of APC. Here, we examined the hypothesis that recurrent inhibition differentially regulates SL and SP cells. Patterned optogenetic stimulation revealed that the strength of recurrent inhibition is target- and layer-specific: L1 > L3 for SL cells, but L3 > L1 for SP cells. This target- and layer-specific inhibition was largely attributable to the parvalbumin (PV), but not somatostatin, interneurons. Intriguingly, olfactory experience selectively modulated the PV to SP microcircuit while maintaining the overall target and laminar specificity of inhibition. Together, these results indicate the importance of target-specific inhibitory wiring for odor processing, implicating these mechanisms in gating the output of piriform cortex.

中文翻译：

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通过不同的抑制回路对梨状皮层输出进行靶点特异性控制

由前梨状皮层 (APC) 中的主要神经元表示的信息受局部、反复的兴奋和抑制调节，但电路机制仍然难以捉摸。两种类型的第 2 (L2) 层主要神经元、半月 (SL) 和浅层锥体 (SP) 细胞是并行输出通道，它们活动的控制控制 APC 的输出。在这里，我们检查了反复抑制差异调节 SL 和 SP 细胞的假设。图案化的光遗传学刺激表明，反复抑制的强度是目标和层特异性的：SL 细胞的 L1 > L3，但 SP 细胞的 L3 > L1。这种目标和层特异性抑制主要归因于小清蛋白 (PV)，而不是生长抑素，中间神经元。耐人寻味的是，嗅觉体验选择性地调节 PV 到 SP 微电路，同时保持抑制的整体目标和层流特异性。总之，这些结果表明目标特异性抑制布线对气味处理的重要性，暗示这些机制与梨状皮层输出的门控有关。