It has been decades to mitigate the human and environmental health-related issues associated with mineral oil-based metalworking fluids (MWFs). The present work proposes the use of natural and renewable ingredients (soybean oil, neem oil, gum arabic, guar gum, and water) to develop non-toxic, environmentally friendly, corrosion-resistant, and lubricious MWFs. The performance of the formulated fluids (FFs) was evaluated and benchmarked with mineral oil-based commercial MWF (CF). The novel use of guar gum and neem oil has improved the corrosion resistance comparable to that of CF, as indicated by the potentiodynamic polarization study. The tribological response confirmed that the FFs were lubricious and wear-resistant. In comparison to highly cytotoxic CF, the FFs demonstrated no cytotoxicity to human osteoblast-like cells (MG-63) in MTT assay and Live-dead cell assay. The improved tribological and corrosion responses are attributed to the chemisorption of gum acacia molecules and physisorption of guar gum molecules to the sliding surfaces. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed the presence of carbon-rich lubricous tribofilm on the worn surface that aids the tribological process.

几十年来，与矿物油基金属加工液 (MWF) 相关的人类和环境健康相关问题一直在缓解。目前的工作建议使用天然和可再生成分（大豆油、印楝油、阿拉伯树胶、瓜尔胶和水）来开发无毒、环保、耐腐蚀和润滑的 MWF。使用基于矿物油的商业 MWF (CF) 对配制流体 (FF) 的性能进行评估和基准测试。动电位极化研究表明，瓜尔胶和印楝油的新用途提高了与 CF 相当的耐腐蚀性。摩擦学响应证实 FF 具有润滑性和耐磨性。与高细胞毒性 CF 相比，在 MTT 试验和活死细胞试验中，FFs 对人成骨细胞样细胞 (MG-63) 没有细胞毒性。改进的摩擦学和腐蚀响应归因于阿拉伯树胶分子的化学吸附和瓜尔胶分子对滑动表面的物理吸附。扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 和能量色散谱 (EDS) 证实了磨损表面上存在富碳润滑摩擦膜，有助于摩擦学过程。