Introduction: Renal artery pseudoaneurysm (RAP) and urinary fistula (UF) after partial nephrectomy (PN) have been the major complications that urologists should overcome. The incidence of symptomatic RAP and UF after PN has been reported to be ~1%–2% and 1%, respectively.^1–3 The mechanism of RAP formation after surgery has not been fully elucidated. However, some investigators have suggested possible causes of RAP, including incomplete hemostasis of the resection surface and laceration of arterioles caused by suturing to the renal sinus or parenchyma.^4,5 Kondo et al. reported that early unclamping might reduce the risk of RAP.⁵ In contrast, the cause of UF is thought to be incomplete closure of the renal collecting system and isolated calix because of deep inner suture.⁶ Kundu et al. described that tumor size, estimated blood loss, and ischemia time were all associated with an increased risk of UF formation.⁷

中文翻译：

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实质缝合辅助内缝合法：在肾部分切除术中实现可靠内缝合的技巧

介绍：肾部分切除术（PN）后的肾动脉假性动脉瘤（RAP）和尿瘘（UF）是泌尿科医师应克服的主要并发症。据报道，PN 后有症状的 RAP 和 UF 的发生率分别为~1%–2% 和 1%。^1-3手术后RAP形成的机制尚未完全阐明。然而，一些研究人员提出了 RAP 的可能原因，包括切除表面的不完全止血和缝合到肾窦或实质引起的小动脉撕裂。^4,5近藤等人。据报道，早期松开钳夹可能会降低 RAP 的风险。⁵相比之下，UF 的原因被认为是肾集合系统的不完全闭合和由于深部内缝合导致的孤立的杯突。⁶昆杜等人。描述肿瘤大小、估计失血量和缺血时间都与 UF 形成的风险增加有关。⁷