The essential oil was extracted from Peucedanum dhana A. Ham, which grows in Thailand, using a Clevenger apparatus, resulting in an oil yield of 0.76% w/w. Forty-two compounds were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The major compounds were trans-piperitol (51.23%), β-pinene (11.72%), o-cymene (11.12%), γ-terpinene (9.21%), and limonene (4.91%). The antimicrobial activity of the P. dhana essential oil was investigated by measuring the inhibition zone diameter, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum microbicidal concentration (MMC). The inhibition zone diameters of P. dhana essential oil (1000 µg/mL) against tested pathogens ranged from 10.70 to 40.80 mm. Significant antimicrobial activity against tested pathogens was obtained, with MIC and MMC values of 62.50–250 µg/mL and 250–1000 µg/mL, respectively. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter aerogenes exposed to P. dhana essential oil at the MIC were analysed by flow cytometry using propidium iodide (PI) and SYTO9 to assess membrane integrity compared to trans-piperitol and β-pinene. After 24 h, treatments with trans-piperitol resulted in the most significant cell membrane alteration and depolarization followed by P. dhana essential oil and β-pinene, respectively. It was demonstrated that the P. dhana essential oil presented antibacterial action against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and E. aerogenes. The antioxidant activity of P. dhana essential oil was measured using 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium (ABTS) scavenging activity assays. The IC₅₀ values obtained from the DPPH and ABTS methods were 9.13 and 9.36 mg/mL, respectively. The cytotoxic effect of P. dhana oil was tested against human colonic adenocarcinoma (SW480), human lung adenocarcinoma (A549), cervical cancer (Hela), and murine fibroblast (3T3L1) cells using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The essential oil had cytotoxicity against all cancer cells, with significant cytotoxicity towards SW480 cells. As a control experiment, two pure compounds—trans-piperitol and β-pinene, were also tested for their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activity. Both compounds showed varied activity in all assays. The results indicate that P. dhana essential oil could be used as a source of functional ingredients in food and pharmaceutical applications.

精油是从生长在泰国的Peucedanum dhana A. Ham 中提取的，使用 Clevenger 装置，得出的油产量为 0.76% w/w。使用气相色谱-质谱法鉴定了 42 种化合物。主要化合物为反式胡椒醇 (51.23%)、β-蒎烯 (11.72%)、邻花椒烯 (11.12%)、γ-萜品烯 (9.21%) 和柠檬烯 (4.91%)。通过测量抑菌圈直径、最小抑菌浓度 (MIC) 和最小杀微生物浓度 (MMC) 来研究P. dhana精油的抗菌活性。P. dhana 抑菌圈直径精油 (1000 µg/mL) 对测试病原体的作用范围为 10.70 至 40.80 毫米。获得了对测试病原体的显着抗菌活性，MIC 和 MMC 值分别为 62.50–250 µg/mL 和 250–1000 µg/mL。使用碘化丙啶 (PI) 和 SYTO9 通过流式细胞术分析大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和产气肠杆菌在 MIC 下暴露于P. dhana精油，以评估与反式胡椒醇和 β-蒎烯相比的膜完整性。24 小时后，反式胡椒醇处理导致最显着的细胞膜改变和去极化，其次是P. dhana分别是精油和β-蒎烯。它证实了P. dhana精油呈现对抗菌作用大肠杆菌，铜绿假单胞菌，和产气肠杆菌。P. dhana精油的抗氧化活性使用 2,2-二苯基-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) 和 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) 二铵 (ABTS) 清除活性测定法测定。从 DPPH 和 ABTS 方法获得的 IC ₅₀值分别为 9.13 和 9.36 mg/mL。P. dhana的细胞毒作用使用 3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5 测试了油对人结肠腺癌 (SW480)、人肺腺癌 (A549)、宫颈癌 (Hela) 和鼠成纤维细胞 (3T3L1) 的影响-二苯基溴化四唑 (MTT) 测定。精油对所有癌细胞都具有细胞毒性，对 SW480 细胞具有显着的细胞毒性。作为对照实验，还测试了两种纯化合物——反式胡椒醇和 β-蒎烯，它们的抗菌、抗氧化和细胞毒活性。两种化合物在所有试验中都显示出不同的活性。结果表明，P. dhana精油可用作食品和药物应用中功能成分的来源。