Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary and aggressive tumour in brain cancer. Novel therapies, despite achievements in chemotherapy, radiation and surgical techniques, are needed to improve the treatment of GBM tumours and extend patients’ survival. Gene delivery therapy mostly uses the viral vector, which causes serious adverse events in gene therapy. Graphene-based complexes can reduce the potential side effect of viral carries, with high efficiency of microRNA (miRNA) or antisense miRNA delivery to GBM cells. The objective of this study was to use graphene-based complexes to induce deregulation of miRNA level in GBM cancer cells and to regulate the selected gene expression involved in apoptosis. The complexes were characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning transmission electron microscopy and zeta potential. The efficiency of miRNA delivery to the cancer cells was analysed by flow cytometry. The effect of the anticancer activity of graphene-based complexes functionalised by the miRNA sequence was analysed using 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxyanilide salt (XTT) assays at the gene expression level. The results partly explain the mechanisms of miRNA deregulation stress, which is affected by graphene-based complexes together with the forced transport of mimic miR-124, miR-137 and antisense miR-21, -221 and -222 as an anticancer supportive therapy.

中文翻译：

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基于石墨烯的复合物将 MicroRNA 递送到胶质母细胞瘤细胞中

胶质母细胞瘤 (GBM) 是脑癌中最常见的原发性和侵袭性肿瘤。尽管在化疗、放疗和手术技术方面取得了成就，但仍需要新疗法来改善 GBM 肿瘤的治疗并延长患者的生存期。基因递送治疗多采用病毒载体，在基因治疗中会导致严重的不良事件。基于石墨烯的复合物可以减少病毒携带的潜在副作用，微 RNA (miRNA) 或反义 miRNA 向 GBM 细胞的高效传递。本研究的目的是使用基于石墨烯的复合物来诱导 GBM 癌细胞中 miRNA 水平的失调，并调节参与细胞凋亡的选定基因表达。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR)、扫描透射电子显微镜和 zeta 电位对配合物进行了表征。通过流式细胞术分析miRNA递送至癌细胞的效率。使用 2,3- 分析由 miRNA 序列功能化的基于石墨烯的复合物的抗癌活性的影响。双- （2-甲氧基-4-硝基-5-磺基苯基）-2 ħ在基因表达水平-tetrazolium -5-羧基苯胺盐（XTT）测定。结果部分解释了 miRNA 失调压力的机制，它受基于石墨烯的复合物以及模拟 miR-124、miR-137 和反义 miR-21、-221 和 -222 作为抗癌支持疗法的强制转运的影响。