The latest international climate documents emphasize the great importance of protective forest stands in ensuring the sustainable development of agriculture, and the main requirement is the use of the forest-forming factor by landowners in the interests of improving the environment. In Russia, until recently, the ecological significance of forest plantations was underestimated, which created the ground for discussions about their effectiveness. In this regard, a new approach is proposed that emphasizes the positive impact of forests, including sustainable development, environmental security of the agricultural sector and reducing the degradation of agricultural land. The purpose of the work was an economic assessment and regularities of the dynamics of humus-regulating and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK)-regulating efficiency of protective forest plantations on lands with deflation-hazardous soils. By means of a system analysis, the change in the soil cover of land use due to the influence of forest plantations on the balance of soil fertility elements in forested cells is comprehensively analyzed. The different spatial placement of trees from each other under different degrees of deflation in semiarid conditions is modeled. These models are used to determine the nature of the dynamics of soil nutrients in forested areas: in protection zones and outside protection. It is established that the anti-deflationary effect of agroforestry depends on the indicator of the protective forest cover of the land, the level of deflationary danger, and the operational life of the plantings. In semiarid conditions, it increases in proportion to the increase in the protection of land and amounts to EUR 376–EUR 4222 ha⁻¹. With an increase in the intensity of deflation to the level of dust storms, the prevented damage from the loss of soil nutrients increases almost four times. In systems of plantings from early-maturing fast-growing rocks, the anti-deflationary effect is 6–7% higher on an average annual basis than in systems of plantings from long-lasting, slow-growing rocks. The greatest efficiency of forest reclamation in ensuring a positive balance of humus and NPK substances in the soil (EUR 1002–EUR 4222 ha⁻¹) is achieved when placing plantings after 15 H. The study will confirm the need to subsidize the integration of trees into farm systems.

中文翻译：

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俄罗斯平原南部保护性造林退化土地生态恢复的经济评价

最新的国际气候文件强调了防护林在确保农业可持续发展方面的重要性，主要要求是土地所有者为了改善环境而利用造林因子。在俄罗斯，直到最近，人工林的生态意义被低估了，这为讨论其有效性创造了基础。在这方面，提出了一种强调森林积极影响的新方法，包括可持续发展、农业部门的环境安全和减少农业土地退化。这项工作的目的是对具有通缩危险土壤的土地上的保护性森林人工林的腐殖质调节和氮磷钾 (NPK) 调节效率的动态进行经济评估和规律。通过系统分析，综合分析了人工林对林地细胞土壤肥力元素平衡的影响引起的土地利用土壤覆盖变化。模拟了半干旱条件下不同程度的通货紧缩下树木彼此的不同空间布局。这些模型用于确定森林地区土壤养分动态的性质：保护区内和保护区外。已确定农林业的抗通货紧缩效果取决于土地保护性森林覆盖的指标，通货紧缩的危险程度，以及种植园的使用寿命。在半干旱条件下，它与土地保护的增加成比例地增加，达到 376-4222 欧元公顷^-1。随着通货紧缩的强度增加到沙尘暴的水平，防止土壤养分流失造成的损害增加了近四倍。在早熟快速生长的岩石种植系统中，抗通货紧缩的效果比在长效、生长缓慢的岩石上种植系统平均每年高 6-7%。在 15小时之后进行种植时，森林开垦在确保土壤中腐殖质和 NPK 物质的正平衡（1002 欧元–4222 公顷^-1）方面的效率最高。该研究将确认需要补贴树木的整合进入农场系统。