This paper demonstrates the high suitability of nanostructured carbon materials as percolators in activated carbon-based electrode materials for symmetric capacitors working in neutral electrolytes. Four different carbon nanomaterials, pristine carbon nanofibers (CNFs), CNF-based nanomaterials as oxidized CNFs and activated CNFs, and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), were used as conductive additives and compared with commercially used carbon black (CB). Pristine CNFs were used to evaluate the optimal content of nanostructured carbon material in the activated carbon-based electrode. The addition of 3 wt.% CNFs was sufficient to achieve better capacitor performance than the addition of 5 wt.% CB. Furthermore, the superior electrochemical performance of the device was revealed when 3 wt.% rGO was introduced as a percolator, maintaining not only a high capacitance value at low scan rates and current densities but also an improved rate capability at high current regimes. The two-dimensional structure of rGO, its developed porosity and good dispersion within the electrode material results in a superior device with the lowest relaxation time constant of 5 s, which is over twelve times lower than the capacitor with commercial CB as the percolator.

本文证明了纳米结构碳材料在活性炭基电极材料中作为渗透剂的高度适用性，用于在中性电解质中工作的对称电容器。四种不同的碳纳米材料，原始碳纳米纤维 (CNF)、基于 CNF 的纳米材料作为氧化 CNF 和活化 CNF，以及还原氧化石墨烯 (rGO)，被用作导电添加剂，并与商业使用的炭黑 (CB) 进行比较。原始 CNF 用于评估活性炭基电极中纳米结构碳材料的最佳含量。添加 3 wt.% CNF 足以实现比添加 5 wt.% CB 更好的电容器性能。此外，当引入 3 wt.% 的 rGO 作为渗滤器时，显示出该装置的优异电化学性能，不仅在低扫描速率和电流密度下保持高电容值，而且在高电流状态下提高倍率能力。rGO 的二维结构、其发达的孔隙率和在电极材料中的良好分散性导致了具有 5 秒最低弛豫时间常数的优异器件，这比使用商用 CB 作为渗滤器的电容器低 12 倍以上。