The goal of this paper is to investigate an action language, called m${\mathcal{A}}^{⁎}$, for representing and reasoning about actions and change in multi-agent domains. The language, as designed, can also serve as a specification language for epistemic planning, thereby addressing an important issue in the development of multi-agent epistemic planning systems. The m${\mathcal{A}}^{⁎}$ action language is a generalization of the single-agent action languages, extensively studied in the literature, to the case of multi-agent domains. The language allows the representation of different types of actions that an agent can perform in a domain where many other agents might be present—such as world-altering actions, sensing actions, and communication actions. The action language also allows the specification of agents' dynamic awareness of action occurrences—which has implications on what agents' know about the world and other agents' knowledge about the world. These features are embedded in a language that is simple, yet powerful enough to address a large variety of knowledge manipulation scenarios in multi-agent domains.

The semantics of m${\mathcal{A}}^{⁎}$ relies on the notion of state, which is described by a pointed Kripke model and is used to encode the agents' knowledge¹ and the real state of the world. The semantics is defined by a transition function that maps pairs of actions and states into sets of states. The paper presents a number of properties of the action theories and relates m${\mathcal{A}}^{⁎}$ to other relevant formalisms in the area of reasoning about actions in multi-agent domains.

本文的目标是研究一种名为 m 的动作语言${\mathcal{一种}}^{⁎}$，用于表示和推理多代理域中的动作和变化。按照设计，该语言还可以用作认知规划的规范语言，从而解决多智能体认知规划系统开发中的一个重要问题。他们${\mathcal{一种}}^{⁎}$动作语言是文献中广泛研究的单智能体动作语言对多智能体领域情况的概括。该语言允许表示代理可以在可能存在许多其他代理的域中执行的不同类型的动作，例如改变世界的动作、感知动作和通信动作。动作语言还允许指定代理对动作发生的动态意识——这对代理对世界的了解和其他代理对世界的了解有影响。这些功能嵌入在一种简单但功能强大的语言中，足以解决多代理领域中的各种知识操作场景。

m 的语义${\mathcal{一种}}^{⁎}$依赖于状态的概念，该概念由尖锐的 Kripke 模型描述，用于对代理的知识¹和世界的真实状态进行编码。语义由转换函数定义，该函数将动作和状态对映射为状态集。这篇论文提出了行动理论的许多特性，并涉及到${\mathcal{一种}}^{⁎}$ 对多智能体领域中动作推理领域的其他相关形式主义。