The 2016 election of United States (U.S.) President Donald Trump was a political event that may have affected population-level mental health. A prominent theme in the Trump election was anti-immigrant policy that contributed to a racist and xenophobic sociopolitical climate. Applying a symbolic dis/empowerment framework, this study examines whether there was an effect of the Trump election on the mental health of the U.S. population that differed by race/ethnicity, language of interview, and state-level support for Trump or Clinton. We used data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System 2011–2018 to examine trends in poor mental health days in the five months after the U.S Presidential election (November 2016 to March 2017) compared to all other survey months. We conducted difference-in-differences analyses using negative binomial regression models to examine the effect of the five post-election months on the rate of poor mental health days, comparing six population categories: 1) non-Latinx white populations in Trump states, 2) non-Latinx white populations in Clinton states, 3) English-speaking Latinx populations in Trump states, 4) English-speaking Latinx populations in Clinton states, 5) Spanish-speaking Latinx populations in Trump states, and 6) Spanish-speaking Latinx populations in Clinton states. White populations in Clinton states reported more poor mental health days in response to the five months post-election period compared to white populations in Trump states. English-speaking Latinx people living in Trump states experienced higher than expected poor mental health days in November 2016 and February 2017. Spanish-speaking Latinx people, by contrast, reported fewer poor mental health days in the post-election period. The 2016 U.S. presidential election preceded population-level changes in mental health that support a symbolic dis/empowerment framework. We discuss possible explanations and the mental health implications for future major political events.

2016 年美国 (US) 总统唐纳德特朗普的选举是一个政治事件，可能影响了人口层面的心理健康。特朗普选举的一个突出主题是反移民政策，它助长了种族主义和仇外的社会政治气候。应用象征性的剥夺/赋权框架，这项研究审查了特朗普选举对美国人口的心理健康有所不同的效果，采访的语言和特朗普或克林顿的国家级支持。我们使用来自疾病控制和预防中心行为风险因素监测系统 2011-2018 的数据来检查美国总统大选后五个月（2016 年 11 月至 2017 年 3 月）与所有其他调查月份相比心理健康不良天数的趋势。我们使用负二项式回归模型进行了差异分析，以检查选举后五个月对心理健康不良天数的影响，比较六个人口类别：1) 特朗普州的非拉丁裔白人人口，2 ) 克林顿州的非拉丁裔白人人口，3) 特朗普州讲英语的拉丁裔人口，4) 克林顿州讲英语的拉丁裔人口，5) 特朗普州讲西班牙语的拉丁裔人口，以及 6) 克林顿州讲西班牙语的拉丁裔人口。与特朗普各州的白人人口相比，克林顿州的白人人口在选举后的五个月内报告的心理健康状况不佳的天数更多。2016 年 11 月和 2017 年 2 月，居住在特朗普州的讲英语的拉丁裔人心理健康状况不佳的天数高于预期。相比之下，讲西班牙语的拉丁裔美国人在选举后报告的心理健康状况不佳天数较少。2016 年美国总统大选先于人口层面的心理健康变化，支持象征性的剥夺/赋权框架。