The aim of this paper was to develop a mathematical model for the study of the kinematic parameters of an occupant and vehicle during a side impact crash. The proposed model has three bodies (the vehicle, the occupant torso and head) that are interconnected to each other by joints, springs and dampers. Also, the head-to-window contact force is taken into account in order to obtain accurate results for the occupant kinematic injury assessment. The model was designed using a CAD-CAE software, with a flexibility determined by a total of 63 input parameters and 10 selected output parameters. The model has shown positive results with a high degree of similarity to a crash test, overlapping with a margin of error within under 5 % for an impact simulation time of 300 ms. After validation, a number of parameters could be obtained from the model such as the linear and angular displacement of the torso, head and vehicle that can be used to study the side collision kinematics and dynamics. During the simulation, a displacement of 2 m for the vehicle was registered while a force of 3500 N was reached for the head-to-window contact, for a vehicle-to-vehicle initial collision velocity of 11.6 m/s.

本文的目的是开发一个数学模型，用于研究侧面碰撞碰撞期间乘员和车辆的运动学参数。提议的模型具有三个主体（车辆、乘员躯干和头部），它们通过关节、弹簧和阻尼器相互连接。此外，为了获得乘员运动损伤评估的准确结果，还考虑了头到窗的接触力。该模型是使用 CAD-CAE 软件设计的，其灵活性由总共 63 个输入参数和 10 个选定的输出参数决定。该模型显示出与碰撞测试高度相似的积极结果，在 300 毫秒的碰撞模拟时间中重叠误差小于 5%。验证后，可以从模型中获得许多参数，例如躯干、头部和车辆的线性和角位移，可用于研究侧面碰撞运动学和动力学。在模拟过程中，记录了车辆 2 m 的位移，同时达到了 3500 N 的头对窗接触力，车辆对车辆的初始碰撞速度为 11.6 m/s。