The structural damage of the lining structure at the entrance of a tunnel is the most common instability problem. The instability problem may cause dynamic effects such as earthquakes and blasting. Based on the seismic damage data collected from previous major earthquakes at the entrance of shallow-buried tunnel, the shaking table test and numerical simulation are used to analyze dynamic response characteristics and damage evolution characteristics of the tunnel in the shallow-buried hole at 30°. The study revealed the stress characteristics of tunnel lining and the mechanism of structural damage under earthquake excitation. The research results show that the biased tunnel (30°) is susceptible to damage on the unsymmetrical loading side, the biased ground surface leads to acceleration, and high speed also significantly increases the effect. The biased side leg of the tunnel lining cross section is a location with a large internal force distribution. The biased tunnel has a relatively unfavorable internal force value distribution and a larger peak, and the peak at the larger bias side has the largest peak value. The skewback and spandrel portion of the biased tunnel lining load are more likely to be damaged.

中文翻译：

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浅斜隧道入口隧道衬砌动力响应特性及损伤机理研究

隧道入口处衬砌结构的结构破坏是最常见的失稳问题。不稳定问题可能会引起地震和爆破等动力效应。以浅埋隧道入口历次大地震震害数据为基础，通过振动台试验和数值模拟，分析了浅埋洞隧道30°的动力响应特征和损伤演化特征。 . 研究揭示了隧道衬砌受力特征及地震激发下结构破坏的机理。研究结果表明，偏向隧道（30°）在非对称荷载侧易受破坏，偏向地表导致加速度，高速也显着增加了影响。隧道衬砌断面的偏置侧腿是内力分布较大的位置。偏斜隧道内力值分布相对不利，峰值较大，偏斜较大一侧的峰值峰值最大。偏斜的隧道衬砌荷载的斜背和拱肩部分更容易损坏。