Background 

Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is one of the most common and aversive psychological phenomena among cancer survivors. Understanding the independent and potentially modifiable risk factors that contribute toward FCR seen in cancer survivors would inform future interventional trials aimed at reducing this risk.

Objective 

The aim of this study was to provide an evidence synthesis of factors correlated with FCR to inform the development of preventive interventions.

Methods 

A literature search was performed of the PsycINFO, EMBASE, and MEDLINE (PubMed) databases. Reports published from inception to 2020 focusing on the correlates of FCR with physical, psychological, and social factors were identified. Authors assessed the studies’ risk of bias in accordance with the Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Quantitative Studies (QualSyst criteria) and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. After extracting data and assessing the quality of the included studies, meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software.

Results 

Thirty-four articles were included in this study with a total sample of more than 13 000 cancer patients. Fear of cancer recurrence was positively correlated with anxiety, depression, avoidance, chemotherapy, distress, intrusive thoughts, fatigue, rumination, and neuroticism. It was negatively correlated with optimism, age, social support, quality of life, time since diagnosis, well-being, and self-efficacy.

Conclusions 

We identified 16 factors that are correlated with FCR, 9 positively correlated with FCR and 7 negatively correlated with FCR.

Implications for Practice 

The findings of this study provide direction for the development of precise interventions for FCR in cancer survivors and lay the foundation for the further construction of an FCR-related nursing theoretical framework.

中文翻译：

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与癌症幸存者癌症复发恐惧相关的因素：一项荟萃分析

背景 

对癌症复发的恐惧（FCR）是癌症幸存者中最常见和厌恶的心理现象之一。了解影响癌症幸存者 FCR 的独立和潜在可改变的风险因素将为未来旨在降低这种风险的干预试验提供信息。

客观的 

本研究的目的是提供与 FCR 相关因素的证据综合，以指导预防干预措施的发展。

方法 

对 PsycINFO、EMBASE 和 MEDLINE (PubMed) 数据库进行了文献检索。确定了从成立到 2020 年发布的报告，重点关注 FCR 与身体、心理和社会因素的相关性。作者根据定量研究的标准质量评估标准（QualSyst 标准）评估研究的偏倚风险，并遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目声明。在提取数据并评估纳入研究的质量后，使用RevMan 5.3软件进行荟萃分析。

结果 

本研究共纳入 34 篇文章，样本总数超过 13 000 名癌症患者。对癌症复发的恐惧与焦虑、抑郁、回避、化疗、痛苦、侵入性想法、疲劳、反刍和神经质呈正相关。它与乐观、年龄、社会支持、生活质量、诊断后的时间、幸福感和自我效能感呈负相关。

结论 

我们确定了 16 个与 FCR 相关的因素，9 个与 FCR 正相关，7 个与 FCR 负相关。

对实践的启示 

本研究结果为癌症幸存者FCR精准干预的发展提供了方向，为进一步构建FCR相关护理理论框架奠定了基础。