Compact vacuum systems are key enabling components for cold atom technologies, facilitating extremely accurate sensing applications. There has been important progress toward a truly portable compact vacuum system; however, size, weight, and power consumption can be prohibitively large, optical access may be limited, and active pumping is often required. Here, we present a centiliter-scale ceramic vacuum chamber with He-impermeable viewports and an integrated diffractive optic, enabling robust laser cooling with light from a single polarization-maintaining fiber. A cold atom demonstrator based on the vacuum cell delivers 10⁷ laser-cooled ⁸⁷Rb atoms per second, using minimal electrical power. With continuous Rb gas emission, active pumping yields a ${10}^{-7}$ mbar equilibrium pressure, and passive pumping stabilizes to $3\times {10}^{-6}$ mbar with a 17 day time constant. A vacuum cell, with no Rb dispensing and only passive pumping, has currently kept a similar pressure for more than 500 days. The passive-pumping vacuum lifetime is several years, which is estimated from short-term He throughput with many foreseeable improvements. This technology enables wide-ranging mobilization of ultracold quantum metrology.

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用于紧凑型超冷量子技术的独立真空室

紧凑型真空系统是冷原子技术的关键支持组件，可促进极其精确的传感应用。在真正便携的紧凑型真空系统方面取得了重要进展；然而，尺寸、重量和功耗可能大得令人望而却步，光接入可能受到限制，并且经常需要有源泵浦。在这里，我们展示了一个厘米级陶瓷真空室，具有不可渗透的视口和集成的衍射光学元件，可使用来自单个保偏光纤的光实现强大的激光冷却。基于真空室的冷原子演示器每秒可提供 10 ^{7 个}激光冷却的⁸⁷ Rb 原子，并且使用最少的电力。随着连续的 Rb 气体排放，主动泵浦产生${10}^{-7}$ mbar 平衡压力，被动泵送稳定到 $3\times {10}^{-6}$ mbar，时间常数为 17 天。一个没有 Rb 分配和只有被动泵送的真空室目前可以保持类似的压力超过 500 天。被动抽真空的寿命为数年，这是根据短期 He 吞吐量估算的，并有许多可预见的改进。该技术使超冷量子计量学的广泛应用成为可能。