In the UK, annual influenza vaccination is currently recommended for adults aged 16–64 years who are in a clinical at-risk group. Despite recommendations, rates of vaccine uptake in the UK have historically been low and below national and international targets. This study aims to analyse vaccine uptake among adults in clinical at-risk groups from the 2015–2016 influenza season to the present. A retrospective analysis of influenza vaccine coverage in the UK was conducted using data extracted from publicly available sources. Clinically at-risk individuals (as defined by Public Health England), including pregnant women, aged 16–64 years, were included in this study. Influenza vaccination coverage rates across the UK in adults aged 16–64 years in a clinical at-risk group have been consistently low over the past 5 years, with only 48.0, 42.4, 44.1 and 52.4% of eligible patients in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland receiving their annual influenza vaccination during the 2018–2019 influenza season. Influenza vaccine coverage was lowest in patients with morbid obesity and highest in patients with diabetes in 2018–2019. Coverage rates were below current national ambitions of ≥75% in all clinical risk groups. In these clinical at-risk groups, influenza vaccine coverage decreased between 2015 and 2019, and there was considerable regional variation. Uptake of the influenza vaccine by adults aged 16–64 years in a clinical at-risk group was substantially below the national ambitions. As a result, many individuals in the UK remain at high risk of developing severe influenza or complications. Given that people who are vulnerable to COVID-19 are also at increased risk of complications from influenza, during the 2020–2021 season, there is a heightened need for healthcare professionals across the UK to address suboptimal vaccine uptake, particularly in at-risk patients. Healthcare professionals and policymakers should consider measures targeted at increasing access to and awareness of the clinical benefits of the influenza vaccine.

中文翻译：

---

英国有风险的成年人（16-64 岁）接种流感疫苗：一项回顾性数据库分析

在英国，目前建议对 16-64 岁的临床高危人群进行年度流感疫苗接种。尽管有建议，但英国的疫苗接种率历来很低，低于国家和国际目标。本研究旨在分析从 2015 年至 2016 年流感季节到现在的临床高危人群中成年人的疫苗接种情况。使用从公开来源中提取的数据对英国的流感疫苗覆盖率进行了回顾性分析。本研究包括临床高危个体（由英国公共卫生部门定义），包括年龄在 16-64 岁之间的孕妇。在过去 5 年中，英国 16-64 岁成年人的流感疫苗接种覆盖率一直很低，只有 48.0、42.4、44。1 和 52.4% 的英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰的合格患者在 2018-2019 流感季节期间每年接受流感疫苗接种。2018-2019 年，流感疫苗覆盖率在病态肥胖患者中最低，在糖尿病患者中最高。在所有临床风险组中，覆盖率低于目前≥75%的国家目标。在这些临床高危人群中，流感疫苗覆盖率在 2015 年至 2019 年间有所下降，并且存在相当大的区域差异。临床高危人群中 16-64 岁的成年人接种流感疫苗大大低于国家目标。因此，英国的许多人仍然处于患严重流感或并发症的高风险中。鉴于容易感染 COVID-19 的人患流感并发症的风险也会增加，因此在 2020-2021 年期间，英国各地的医疗保健专业人员更需要解决疫苗接种不足的问题，尤其是在高危患者中. 医疗保健专业人员和政策制定者应考虑采取旨在增加流感疫苗临床益处的获取和认识的措施。