Host recognition of bacteria such as Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium requires multiple host detection systems to generate complex inflammatory responses which can be cell type specific and has the potential for bacterial subversion of the host. Host detection of Salmonella requires Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) sensing Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs). These bacteria possess a diverse array of PAMPs including lipopolysaccharide, flagellin, proteins, lipoproteins, DNA, RNA and metabolites which can potentially activate multiple PRRs concurrently in different cell types. Salmonella is sensed by the inflammasome forming cytosolic nucleotide oligomerisation domain leucine rich repeat-like receptor (NLR) PRRs NLRC4 and NLRP3 as well as by the non canonical inflammasome formed by caspase 11 in mice, caspase 4 and 5 in humans. This review will discuss the different inflammasomes and how their activity regulates the host response to Salmonella infection.

肠道沙门氏菌等细菌的宿主识别鼠伤寒血清型需要多个宿主检测系统来产生复杂的炎症反应，这些炎症反应可以是细胞类型特异性的，并且有可能对宿主进行细菌破坏。沙门氏菌的宿主检测需要模式识别受体 (PRR) 感应病原体相关分子模式 (PAMP)。这些细菌拥有多种 PAMP，包括脂多糖、鞭毛蛋白、蛋白质、脂蛋白、DNA、RNA 和代谢物，它们可以潜在地同时激活不同细胞类型中的多个 PRR。沙门氏菌被形成胞质核苷酸寡聚化结构域富含亮氨酸重复样受体 (NLR) PRR NLRC4 和 NLRP3 的炎性体以及由小鼠中的半胱天冬酶 11、人类中的半胱天冬酶 4 和 5 形成的非典型炎性体检测到。