This work investigated the phenomena and cause of photonic band gap (PBG) shift under an open environment at −10 °C ∼ 20 °C for the three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals (PCs). The 3D PCs were composed of polystyrene spheres using the self-assembly method. The reflective gloss of 3D PC sample underwent non-monotonous color change within the temperature region. PBG of PCs first red-shifted during the cooling from room temperature. Later, the PBG blue-shifted when the temperature decreased from about 0 °C. The average transmittance through the PC sample within the visible range also increased first and then decreased with ambient temperature reduction. Influences from structure dimension, optical constants of involved materials, condensation and its phase change on PBG were all quantitatively investigated.

这项工作研究了三维 (3D) 光子晶体 (PC) 在 -10 °C 至 20 °C 的开放环境下光子带隙 (PBG) 偏移的现象和原因。3D PC 由使用自组装方法的聚苯乙烯球组成。3D PC 样品的反射光泽在温度范围内经历了非单调的颜色变化。在从室温冷却期间，PC 的 PBG 首先发生红移。后来，当温度从大约 0 °C 下降时，PBG 发生蓝移。随着环境温度的降低，PC 样品在可见光范围内的平均透射率也先增加后降低。定量研究了结构尺寸、所涉及材料的光学常数、凝聚及其相变对 PBG 的影响。