Lightweight shielding materials that can protect devices against undesirable multispectral electromagnetic waves are critical in electronic, medical, military, and aerospace applications. However, the existing shielding materials are heavyweight and work only in a narrow frequency-range. In this work, we developed metal–metal oxide Ag-WO₃ decorated polymeric nanofiber hybrid membranes with versatile multispectral electromagnetic shielding abilities for practical applications. The Ag-WO₃ hybrid provides multiple functions, such as excellent metallic conductivity provided by silver, high photoelectric effect and low thermal conductivity arising from the high atomic number in WO₃, and strong infrared energy absorbing capability caused by a designed Schottky barrier interface between Ag and WO₃. Additionally, the nanofibrous hybrid membrane structure provides high surface area, good air permeability, and robust mechanical strength and durability. These highly conductive, lightweight, ultrathin, and flexible membranes exhibit efficient microwave electromagnetic interference shielding of 92.3 dB at a thickness of ~42 μm in 8–26.5 GHz frequency range, 0.75–0.5 emissivity for near- to far-field infrared bands, and 32.03% attenuation for X-rays of 30 keV at 0.24 mm thickness, indicating their potential for shielding against large-scale multispectral electromagnetic waves from low-frequency microwaves to high-frequency X-rays.

可以保护设备免受不良多光谱电磁波影响的轻质屏蔽材料在电子、医疗、军事和航空航天应用中至关重要。然而，现有的屏蔽材料重量大，只能在很窄的频率范围内工作。在这项工作中，我们开发了金属 - 金属氧化物 Ag-WO ₃装饰的聚合物纳米纤维混合膜，具有用于实际应用的多功能多光谱电磁屏蔽能力。Ag-WO ₃杂化物提供多种功能，例如银提供的优异金属导电性、高光电效应和WO _{3 中}高原子序数产生的低热导率，以及由设计的 Ag 和 WO ₃之间的肖特基势垒界面引起的强大的红外能量吸收能力。此外，纳米纤维混合膜结构提供高表面积、良好的透气性以及强大的机械强度和耐用性。这些高导电、轻质、超薄和柔韧的膜在 8-26.5 GHz 频率范围内，厚度为 42 μm 时表现出 92.3 dB 的有效微波电磁干扰屏蔽，近到远场红外波段的发射率为 0.75-0.5，并且在 0.24 毫米厚度下，30 keV 的 X 射线衰减 32.03%，表明它们具有屏蔽从低频微波到高频 X 射线的大规模多光谱电磁波的潜力。