A reduction of demand for electrical power in peak periods, commonly called peak shaving, is beneficial for customers from the economic point of view. However, it is also of considerable importance for the National Power System operation in terms of grid stability. This research focuses on the issue of nationwide potential of peak shaving by PV installations in office buildings in Poland. It is assumed that this sector can play a significant role in decreasing the demand for peak power on a large scale. The modelling of office building load was conducted with the use of an Artificial Neural Network. The study took into consideration different tilt and orientation configurations of PV modules as well as their degradation. The impact of peak shaving on the National Power System was assessed on the basis of the monthly peak load balancing factor. The influence of PV installations on grid infrastructure was estimated based on changes in transformer lifetime. The research showed that the optimum PV capacity for an average office building was approximately 600–800 kW_p with a south orientation and tilt angle of 30°. The highest peak shaving capacity on the country level is observed for PV systems with a south-east orientation. 273.75 MW_p in PV capacity reduces the maximum national load by 200 MW in May. The analysed PV system producing electricity for self-consumption, can prolong the lifetime of the overloaded transformer connected to the office building by up to 36%.

从经济的角度来看，减少高峰期对电力的需求，通常称为调峰，对客户有利。然而，就电网稳定性而言，它对于国家电力系统的运行也具有相当重要的意义。这项研究的重点是波兰办公楼光伏装置在全国范围内的调峰潜力问题。假设该部门可以在大规模降低峰值电力需求方面发挥重要作用。办公楼负荷的建模是使用人工神经网络进行的。该研究考虑了光伏组件的不同倾斜和方向配置以及它们的退化。调峰对国家电力系统的影响是根据每月的高峰负荷平衡系数来评估的。光伏装置对电网基础设施的影响是根据变压器寿命的变化来估计的。研究表明，一般办公楼的最佳光伏容量约为 600-800 kW_p朝南，倾斜角为 30°。对于东南方向的光伏系统，观察到国家层面的最高调峰能力。光伏容量为273.75 MW _p，5 月份全国最大负荷减少 200 MW。所分析的光伏系统自用发电，可以将连接到办公楼的过载变压器的寿命延长多达 36%。