The non-polluting nature of photocatalytic H₂ production makes of interest the study of semiconductors for this process. Scale-up of the photocatalytic hydrogen process to a pilot plant requires the photocatalyst's immobilization to enhance the charge transfer and facilitate its recovery. In this work, screen-printed films from the AV₂O₆ (A = Ca, Sr, Ba) semiconductor family were fabricated and evaluated in photocatalytic water splitting for H₂ production in distilled water and seawater under UVA light. The films exhibited ∼3.1 eV band gaps, high crystallinity, and heterogeneous morphologies. BaV₂O₆ film exhibited the highest H₂ production in distilled water (691 μmol/g), related to the synergistic effect between a higher crystallinity and traces of V⁺⁴ species that decrease the recombination of the photogenerated charges. Also, to take advantage of the dissolved species in seawater that could act as sacrificial agents, the BaV₂O₆ film was evaluated in seawater, in which H₂ production was up to 6 times higher (4374 μmol/g) than in distilled water. The BaV₂O₆ film was decorated with simple oxides (CuO, NiO, and ZnO) by the ink-jet printing technology to increase its photocatalytic performance for H₂ production. The highest efficiency with distilled water was obtained with the BaV₂O₆-CuO film, which reached an H₂ production up to 30 times higher than the bare BaV₂O₆, own to the n-p heterostructure formation that enhances the charge transport in the photocatalytic process. When the BaV₂O₆-CuO film was evaluated in seawater, a more constant H₂ production was observed; moreover, the efficiency was similar compared to the production in distilled water (20,563 μmol/g). To elucidate the seawater compounds that most influence the H₂ production, a two levels Plackett–Burman experiments design was carried out in simulated seawater. The analysis revealed that the SO₄²⁻ ions from the CaSO₄ could be decreasing the H₂ production by acting as Lewis's acid sites that trap the photogenerated e⁻ competing for its usage with the H⁺. Additionally, the Cl⁻ ions and the HCO₃⁻ reduction improved the HCOOH production from simulated seawater, reaching 26 times a higher production (23,333 μmol/g) than in distilled water.

光催化 H ₂生产的无污染性质使该过程的半导体研究引起了人们的兴趣。将光催化制氢工艺扩大到中试工厂需要固定光催化剂以增强电荷转移并促进其回收。在这项工作中，制造了来自 AV ₂ O ₆ (A = Ca、Sr、Ba) 半导体系列的丝网印刷薄膜，并在 UVA 光下在蒸馏水和海水中的光催化水分解中评估了 H ₂生产。该薄膜表现出约 3.1 eV 的带隙、高结晶度和异质形态。BaV ₂ O ₆薄膜表现出最高的H ₂在蒸馏水 (691 μmol/g) 中产生，与较高结晶度和痕量 V ⁺⁴物种之间的协同效应有关，这些 V ⁺⁴物种减少了光生电荷的复合。此外，为了利用可作为牺牲剂的海水中的溶解物质，在海水中评估BaV ₂ O ₆膜，其中 H _{2 的}产生量比蒸馏水高 6 倍（4374 μmol/g） . BaV ₂ O ₆薄膜通过喷墨印刷技术用简单的氧化物（CuO、NiO和ZnO）装饰，以提高其对H _{2 的}光催化性能。BaV 使用蒸馏水获得最高效率₂ O ₆ -CuO 膜的 H ₂产量比裸 BaV ₂ O ₆高出 30 倍，具有 np 异质结构形成，增强了光催化过程中的电荷传输。当在海水中评估BaV ₂ O ₆ -CuO 膜时，观察到更稳定的 H ₂生成；此外，与在蒸馏水中的产量 (20,563 μmol/g) 相比，效率相似。为了阐明对 H ₂产生影响最大的海水化合物，在模拟海水中进行了两级 Plackett-Burman 实验设计。分析表明，SO ₄ ^2-来自 CaSO _{4 的}离子可以通过充当路易斯酸位点来捕获光生 e ^-与 H ⁺竞争其使用，从而减少 H _{2 的}产生。此外，Cl ^-离子和 HCO ₃ ^-还原提高了模拟海水中 HCOOH 的产量，其产量 (23,333 μmol/g) 是蒸馏水中的 26 倍。