Majorana fermions are promising building blocks of forthcoming technology in quantum computing. However, their nonambiguous identification has remained a difficult issue because of the concomitant competition with other topologically trivial fermionic states, which poison their detection in most spectroscopic probes. By employing numerical and analytical methods, here we show that the Fano factor tomography is a key distinctive feature of a Majorana bound state, displaying a spatially constant Poissonian value equal to one. In contrast, the Fano factor of other trivial fermionic states, like the Yu-Shiba-Rusinov or Andreev ones, is strongly spatially dependent and exceeds one as a direct consequence of the local particle-hole symmetry breaking.

中文翻译：

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通过隧道散粒噪声断层扫描识别马约拉纳束缚态

马约拉纳费米子是未来量子计算技术的有前途的基石。然而，由于与其他拓扑微不足道的费米子态相伴随的竞争，它们的明确识别仍然是一个难题，这在大多数光谱探针中毒害了它们的检测。通过采用数值和分析方法，我们在这里表明 Fano 因子断层扫描是马约拉纳束缚态的一个关键特征，显示出等于 1 的空间常数泊松值。相比之下，其他平凡费米子态的 Fano 因子，如 Yu-Shiba-Rusinov 或 Andreev 态，在空间上具有很强的依赖性，并且由于局部粒子 - 空穴对称性破坏的直接结果而超过 1。