Background Hip fractures are a public health problem among older adults, but most research on recovery after hip fracture has been limited to females. With growing numbers of hip fractures among males, it is important to determine how recovery outcomes may differ between the sexes. Methods 168 males and 171 females were enrolled within 15 days of hospitalization with follow-up visits at 2, 6, and 12 months postadmission to assess changes in disability, physical performance, cognition, depressive symptoms, body composition, and strength, and all-cause mortality. Generalized estimating equations examined whether males and females followed identical outcome recovery assessed by the change in each outcome. Results The mean age at fracture was similar for males (80.4) and females (81.4), and males had more comorbidities (2.5 vs 1.6) than females. Males were significantly more likely to die over 12 months (hazard ratio 2.89, 95% confidence interval: 1.56–5.34). Changes in outcomes were significantly different between males and females for disability, gait speed, and depressive symptoms (p < .05). Both sexes improved from baseline to 6 months for these measures, but only males continued to improve between 6 and 12 months. There were baseline differences for most body composition measures and strength; however, there were no significant differences in change by sex. Conclusions Findings confirm that males have higher mortality but suggest that male survivors have continued functional recovery over the 12 months compared to females. Research is needed to determine the underlying causes of these sex differences for developing future prognostic information and rehabilitative interventions.

中文翻译：

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髋部骨折老年人多领域恢复的性别差异

背景 髋部骨折是老年人的一个公共健康问题，但大多数关于髋部骨折后康复的研究仅限于女性。随着男性髋部骨折人数的增加，确定恢复结果在两性之间的差异非常重要。方法 在住院后 15 天内招募 168 名男性和 171 名女性，并在入院后 2、6 和 12 个月进行随访，以评估残疾、身体机能、认知、抑郁症状、身体成分和力量的变化，以及所有-导致死亡。广义估计方程检查男性和女性是否遵循由每个结果的变化评估的相同结果恢复。结果 男性 (80.4) 和女性 (81.4) 的平均骨折年龄相似，男性比女性有更多的合并症（2.5 对 1.6）。男性在 12 个月内死亡的可能性明显更高（风险比 2.89，95% 置信区间：1.56–5.34）。男性和女性在残疾、步态速度和抑郁症状方面的结果变化显着不同 (p < .05)。对于这些措施，两性都从基线改善到 6 个月，但只有男性在 6 到 12 个月之间继续改善。大多数身体成分测量和强度存在基线差异；但是，性别变化没有显着差异。结论 调查结果证实，男性的死亡率更高，但表明与女性相比，男性幸存者在 12 个月内的功能持续恢复。