Many Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients are able to ride a bicycle despite being severely compromised by gait disturbances up to freezing of gait. This review [PROSPERO CRD 42019137386] aimed to find out, which PD-related symptoms improve from bicycling, and which type of bicycling exercise would be most beneficial. Following a systematic database literature search, peer-reviewed studies with randomized control trials (RCT) and with non-randomized trials (NRCT) investigating the interventional effects of bicycling on PD patients were included. A quality analysis addressing reporting, design and possible bias of the studies, as well as a publication bias test was done. Out of 202 references, 22 eligible studies with 505 patients were analysed. An inverse variance-based analysis revealed that primary measures, defined as motor outcomes, benefitted from bicycling significantly more than cognitive measures. Additionally, secondary measures of balance, walking speed and capacity, and the PDQ-39 ratings improved with bicycling. The interventions varied in durations, intensities and target cadences. Conclusively, bicycling is particularly beneficial for the motor performance of PD patients, improving crucial features of gait. Furthermore, our findings suggest that bicycling improves the overall quality-of-life of PD patients.

许多帕金森病 (PD) 患者尽管受到步态障碍甚至冻结步态的严重影响，但仍然能够骑自行车。本综述 [PROSPERO CRD 42019137386] 旨在找出骑自行车可以改善哪些 PD 相关症状，以及哪种类型的骑自行车运动最有益。经过系统的数据库文献检索，纳入了同行评审的随机对照试验（RCT）和非随机试验（NRCT）研究，这些研究调查了骑自行车对帕金森病患者的干预作用。进行了针对研究的报告、设计和可能的偏倚的质量分析，以及发表偏倚测试。在 202 份参考文献中，对 22 项符合条件的研究（涉及 505 名患者）进行了分析。基于逆方差的分析显示，主要指标（定义为运动结果）从骑自行车中获益明显多于认知指标。此外，平衡、步行速度和能力的次要指标以及 PDQ-39 评级随着骑自行车的进行而得到改善。干预措施的持续时间、强度和目标节奏各不相同。总之，骑自行车对于帕金森病患者的运动表现特别有益，可以改善步态的关键特征。此外，我们的研究结果表明骑自行车可以改善帕金森病患者的整体生活质量。