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Relation of Literacy and Music Literacy to Dementia in Older Black and White Brazilians
Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease ( IF 4 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-22 , DOI: 10.3233/jad-210601
Ana W Capuano 1, 2, 3 , Robert S Wilson 1, 2, 4 , Sue E Leurgans 1, 2 , Carolina Sampaio 3 , Jose M Farfel 1, 3, 5 , Lisa L Barnes 1, 2, 4 , David A Bennett 1, 2, 3
Affiliation  

Background:Literacy is more consistently reported than education as protective against dementia in developing regions. Objective:To study the association of verbal literacy, numeracy, and music literacy with dementia in older Black and White Brazilians with a broad spectrum of education. Methods:Westudied 1,818 Black, Mixed-race, and White deceased Brazilians 65 years or older at death (mean = 79.64). Data were retrospectively obtained within 36 hours after death in a face-to-face interview with an informant, usually a family member. Dementia was classified using the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale. Three forms of literacy were ascertained: verbal literacy (10 questions: reading and writing), numeracy (3 questions: multiplication, percentages, and use of a calculator), and music literacy (1 question: reading music). Black (11%) and Mixed-race (23%) older adults were combined in analyses. Models adjusted for age and sex. Results:Dementia was identified in 531 people. Participants had 0 to 25 years of education (median = 4). More literacy was associated with lower odds of dementia (all p≤0.039). Participants that read music had about half the odds of having dementia. Participants in the highest quartile of numeracy and verbal literacy had respectively 27%and 15%lower odds of having dementia compared to the lowest quartile. Literacy was lower in Blacks (p < 0.001, except music p = 0.894) but the effect of literacy on dementia was similar (interaction p > 0.237). In secondary analyses, playing instruments without reading music was not associated with dementia (p = 0.887). Conclusion:In a large sample of Brazilians, verbal literacy, numeracy, and music literacy were associated with lower odds of dementia. The effect was similar across races.

中文翻译:

巴西老年黑人和白人的读写能力和音乐素养与痴呆症的关系

背景:在发展中地区,识字比教育更能预防痴呆症。目的:研究接受广泛教育的巴西老年黑人和白人的语言素养、计算能力和音乐素养与痴呆症的关系。方法:对 1,818 名 65 岁或以上死亡的巴西黑人、混血儿和白人进行了研究(平均值 = 79.64)。数据是在死后 36 小时内与线人(通常是家庭成员)进行面对面访谈时回顾性获得的。使用临床痴呆分级 (CDR) 量表对痴呆进行分类。确定了三种读写能力:口头读写能力(10 个问题:阅读和写作)、计算能力(3 个问题:乘法、百分比和使用计算器)和音乐读写能力(1 个问题:阅读音乐)。黑人 (11%) 和混血 (23%) 老年人在分析中被合并。模型根据年龄和性别进行了调整。结果:在 531 人中发现了痴呆症。参与者的教育年限为 0 至 25 年(中位数 = 4)。更高的识字率与更低的痴呆几率相关(所有 p≤0.039)。阅读音乐的参与者患痴呆症的几率约为一半。与最低四分位数相比,计算能力和语言读写能力最高四分位数的参与者患痴呆症的几率分别降低了 27% 和 15%。黑人的读写能力较低(p < 0.001,音乐除外 p = 0.894),但读写能力对痴呆症的影响相似(相互作用 p > 0.237)。在二次分析中,不听音乐就演奏乐器与痴呆症无关(p = 0.887)。结论:在大量巴西人样本中,语言读写能力、计算能力、和音乐素养与痴呆症的发生率较低有关。不同种族的效果相似。
更新日期:2021-09-24
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