Aging induces significant shifts in the composition of gut microbiota associated with decreased microbial diversity. Age-related changes in gut microbiota include a loss of commensals and an increase in disease-associated pathobionts. These alterations are accelerated by lifestyle factors, such as poor nutritional habits, physical inactivity, and medications. Given that diet is one of the main drivers shaping the gut microbiota, nutritional interventions for restoring gut homeostasis are of great importance to the overall health of older adults. Polyphenols, ubiquitously present in fruits and vegetables, have emerged as promising anti-aging candidates because of their ability to modulate some of the common denominators of aging, including gut dysbiosis. These compounds can influence the composition of the gut microbiota, and gut bacteria metabolize polyphenols into bioactive compounds that produce relevant health effects. Although the role of polyphenols on the aging gut has not been fully characterized, accumulating evidence suggests that these compounds exert selective effects on the gut microbial community. Here, we discuss the reciprocal interactions between polyphenols and gut microbiota and summarize the latest findings on the effects of polyphenols on modulating intestinal bacteria during aging.

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膳食多酚与衰老肠道微生物群之间的相互作用：综述

衰老会导致肠道微生物群组成发生显着变化，这与微生物多样性降低有关。肠道微生物群中与年龄相关的变化包括共生菌的减少和与疾病相关的致病菌的增加。生活方式因素加速了这些改变，例如不良的营养习惯、缺乏身体活动和药物治疗。鉴于饮食是塑造肠道菌群的主要驱动因素之一，恢复肠道稳态的营养干预对老年人的整体健康非常重要。普遍存在于水果和蔬菜中的多酚已成为有希望的抗衰老候选物，因为它们能够调节一些衰老的共同特征，包括肠道菌群失调。这些化合物可以影响肠道微生物群的组成，和肠道细菌将多酚代谢成生物活性化合物，产生相关的健康影响。尽管多酚对老化肠道的作用尚未完全确定，但越来越多的证据表明这些化合物对肠道微生物群落具有选择性作用。在这里，我们讨论了多酚和肠道微生物群之间的相互作用，并总结了多酚在衰老过程中调节肠道细菌的作用的最新发现。