ABSTRACT

Purpose

The COVID-19 pandemic has galvanized the development of new vaccines at an unprecedented pace. Since the widespread implementation of vaccination campaigns, reports of ocular adverse effects after COVID-19 vaccinations have emerged. This review summarizes ocular adverse effects possibly associated with COVID-19 vaccination, and discusses their clinical characteristics and management.

Methods

Narrative Literature Review.

Results

Ocular adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccinations include facial nerve palsy, abducens nerve palsy, acute macular neuroretinopathy, central serous retinopathy, thrombosis, uveitis, multiple evanescent white dot syndrome, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease reactivation, and new-onset Graves’ Disease. Studies in current literature are primarily retrospective case series or isolated case reports – these are inherently weak in establishing association or causality. Nevertheless, the described presentations resemble the reported ocular manifestations of the COVID-19 disease itself. Hence, we hypothesize that the human body’s immune response to COVID-19 vaccinations may be involved in the pathogenesis of the ocular adverse effects post-COVID-19 vaccination.

Conclusion

Ophthalmologists and generalists should be aware of the possible, albeit rare, ocular adverse effects after COVID-19 vaccination.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19 疫苗接种后的眼部不良事件

摘要

目的

COVID-19 大流行以前所未有的速度刺激了新疫苗的开发。由于疫苗接种运动的广泛实施，已经出现了关于 COVID-19 疫苗接种后眼部不良反应的报告。本综述总结了可能与 COVID-19 疫苗接种相关的眼部不良反应，并讨论了其临床特征和管理。

方法

叙事文学评论。

结果

COVID-19 疫苗的眼部不良反应包括面神经麻痹、外展神经麻痹、急性黄斑神经视网膜病变、中心性浆液性视网膜病变、血栓形成、葡萄膜炎、多发性白点综合征、Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada 病再激活和新发 Graves 病. 当前文献中的研究主要是回顾性病例系列或孤立的病例报告——这些在建立关联或因果关系方面本质上是薄弱的。然而，所描述的表现类似于所报道的 COVID-19 疾病本身的眼部表现。因此，我们假设人体对 COVID-19 疫苗接种的免疫反应可能参与了 COVID-19 疫苗接种后眼部不良反应的发病机制。

结论

眼科医生和全科医生应该意识到在接种 COVID-19 疫苗后可能出现的眼部副作用，尽管这种情况很少见。