Medical waste management (MWM) systems are considered among the most important urban systems nowadays. Cities in different countries prefer to transform their infrastructure based on sustainability guidelines and practices. Meanwhile, smart technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain are being recently used in different urban systems of cities that aim to transform into smart cities. MWM systems are one of the main targets of integrating such smart technologies to maximize economic and social profits and minimize environmental issues. However, the transformation of traditional MWM systems into smart MWM systems and the adoption of such technologies can be a very resource-consuming task. One of the possible tasks in this process can be the identification of factors that cause failure in the adoption of smart technologies. Therefore, this study proposes a multi-criteria evaluation model based on type-2 neutrosophic numbers (T2NNs) to identify factors contributing to failure in the adoption of IoT and blockchain in smart MWM systems in Istanbul, Turkey. Results of the case study indicate that training for different stakeholders, market acceptance, transparency, and professional personnel are the main factors that lead to failure in the adoption of smart technologies. Training for different stakeholders, market acceptance, transparency, and professional personnel factors obtained distance values of 0.494, 0.381, 0.375, and 0.278, respectively, against the best factor which is security and privacy. In order to validate the results of the proposed approach, a sensitivity analysis test is performed. Results of this study can be useful for governmental and private MWM and green companies that are planning to adopt IoT and blockchain within their waste management (WM) system.

中文翻译：

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分析医疗废物管理系统采用智能技术的失败：一种基于 2 型中智学的方法。

医疗废物管理 (MWM) 系统被认为是当今最重要的城市系统之一。不同国家的城市更愿意根据可持续发展指南和实践来改造其基础设施。同时，物联网（IoT）和区块链等智能技术最近被用于旨在转变为智能城市的不同城市系统中。MWM 系统是整合此类智能技术以实现经济和社会利润最大化以及环境问题最小化的主要目标之一。然而，将传统 MWM 系统转变为智能 MWM 系统以及采用此类技术可能是一项非常耗费资源的任务。此过程中可能的任务之一是确定导致采用智能技术失败的因素。所以，本研究提出了一种基于 2 型中智数 (T2NN) 的多标准评估模型，以确定导致土耳其伊斯坦布尔智能 MWM 系统采用 IoT 和区块链失败的因素。案例研究的结果表明，对不同利益相关者的培训、市场接受度、透明度和专业人员是导致采用智能技术失败的主要因素。针对不同利益相关者的培训、市场接受度、透明度和专业人员因素分别获得了 0.494、0.381、0.375 和 0.278 的距离值，而最佳因素是安全和隐私。为了验证所提出方法的结果，进行了敏感性分析测试。