The occurrences of impaired lung function during childhood could substantially influence the health states of the respiratory system in adults. So, the effects of air pollution and green spaces on impaired lung function in children were investigated in this study. The lung function of each student was tested every year from 2015 to 2017 and the method of case-control study was applied. 2087 students aged from 9 to 11 years old of primary schools in Tianjin were ultimately included in this study. The method of propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to minimize the confounding bias and the conditional logistic regression model was carried out to evaluate the effects of indoor and outdoor environmental risk factors on the occurrences of impaired lung function in children. For every interquartile range (IQR) increase in the mixture of six air pollutants at the lag1, lag2, and lag3 periods, the risks of getting impaired lung function were increased by 53.4%, 34.7%, and 16.9%, respectively. The protective effect of greenness at lag2 period (odds ratios (OR)) = 0.022 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.008-0.035)) was stronger than that at lag1and lag3 periods, respectively. Separate and combined effects of most air pollutants at different lag periods exerted hazardous effects on the lung function of students. Exposure to greenness had protective effects on the lung health of children.

中文翻译：

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空气污染和绿地对儿童肺功能受损的影响：病例对照研究。

儿童时期肺功能受损的发生可能对成人呼吸系统的健康状况产生重大影响。因此，本研究调查了空气污染和绿地对儿童肺功能受损的影响。2015年至2017年每年对每位学生进行肺功能检测，采用病例对照研究方法。最终纳入天津市9-11岁小学学生2087人。采用倾向评分匹配（PSM）方法尽量减少混杂偏倚，采用条件逻辑回归模型评估室内外环境危险因素对儿童肺功能受损发生率的影响。在lag1、lag2和lag3期间，六种空气污染物的混合物每增加一个四分位距（IQR），肺功能受损的风险分别增加53.4%、34.7%和16.9%。lag2期（优势比（OR））= 0.022（95%置信区间（CI）：0.008-0.035）的绿色保护作用分别强于lag1和lag3期。大多数空气污染物在不同滞后时期的单独和综合作用对学生的肺功能产生了危害性影响。接触绿色对儿童的肺部健康有保护作用。022 (95% 置信区间 (CI): 0.008-0.035)) 分别强于 lag1 和 lag3 时期。大多数空气污染物在不同滞后时期的单独和综合作用对学生的肺功能产生了危害性影响。接触绿色对儿童的肺部健康有保护作用。022 (95% 置信区间 (CI): 0.008-0.035)) 分别强于 lag1 和 lag3 时期。大多数空气污染物在不同滞后时期的单独和综合作用对学生的肺功能产生了危害性影响。接触绿色对儿童的肺部健康有保护作用。