The removal of sulfur- and nitrogen-containing compounds present in petroleum fractions is necessary to meet the stringent environmental regulations and to prevent the environment and humanity from the threats they pose. Conventional hydro-desulfurization and hydro-denitrogenation processes have evolved significantly over the past decade but are limited due to severe operating conditions and inefficiency in removing nitrogen-containing compounds. On the contrary, unconventional non-hydrogen methods for refining of crude oils are beneficial in terms of mild operating conditions and are efficient for eradicating both sulfur- and nitrogen-containing compounds. Despite being efficient for both sulfur and nitrogen-containing compounds, these techniques suffer due to the hindrance posed by the competitive nature of nitrogen-containing compounds. Thus, it is recommended to develop techniques that can remove both the compounds simultaneously and efficiently. Techniques for simultaneous removal of those compounds can also be expected to reduce the number of unit operations required during refining and can be energy-efficient as well. This elaborative review summarizes the developments done in this field in the past two decades. To improve the understanding of the scientific community towards the feasibility of simultaneous desulfurization and denitrogenation processes, the crucial parameters for efficient desulfurization-denitrogenation processes are also discussed. This review can be expected to encourage the scientific community to search for more economical, energy-efficient, and commercializable pathways for desulfurization-denitrogenation of petroleum oil.

中文翻译：

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轻质石油燃料同时脱硫和脱氮的非氢工艺——详尽综述。

必须去除石油馏分中存在的含硫和含氮化合物，以满足严格的环境法规并防止环境和人类受到它们构成的威胁。传统的加氢脱硫和加氢脱氮工艺在过去十年中得到了显着发展，但由于操作条件恶劣和去除含氮化合物的效率低下而受到限制。相反，非常规非氢精炼原油方法在温和的操作条件方面是有益的，并且可以有效地消除含硫和含氮化合物。尽管对含硫和含氮化合物均有效，但由于含氮化合物的竞争性质所造成的障碍，这些技术受到影响。因此，建议开发可以同时有效去除这两种化合物的技术。同时去除这些化合物的技术也有望减少精炼过程中所需的单元操作数量，并且还可以节能。这篇详尽的评论总结了过去二十年该领域的发展。为了提高科学界对同步脱硫和脱氮工艺可行性的理解，还讨论了高效脱硫-脱氮工艺的关键参数。该综述有望鼓励科学界寻找更经济、节能和商业化的石油脱硫脱氮途径。