The flow and heat transfer over a modulated surface in the form of triangular protrusions using MWCNTs-TiO₂ nanohybrids were investigated, and its results are detailed in this paper. The nanomaterials were functionalized and prepared at weight concentrations of 0.025%-wt., 0.05%-wt., 0.075%-wt., and 0.1%-wt., then had its morphology elucidated using the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), field emission transmission electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX). The mixture's thermophysical properties at 303 K were determined and utilized in the investigation's numerical aspect. A steady-state 2D analysis of flow over a modulated surface was solved in ANSYS-FLUENT with turbulent flow at 5000 ≤ Re ≤ 15,000. The model was validated using the Dittus-Boelter Eq., and its average error was 9.840%. The heat transfer was enhanced by 13.181%, 18.056%, 22.033% and 26.107% for nanoparticles' weight concentrations of 0.025%-wt., 0.05%-wt., 0.075%-wt., and 0.1%-wt., respectively. The water flow and MWCNTs-TiO₂ nanohybrids' turbulent kinetic energy, pressure, velocity, turbulence intensity contours, and velocity vectors were determined, and correlations were formed from the results to predict the average Nusselt number for the DW and MWCNTs-TiO₂ as a function of the nanoparticles' weight concentrations.

研究了使用 MWCNTs-TiO ₂纳米杂化物在三角形突起形式的调制表面上的流动和传热，本文详细介绍了其结果。纳米材料以 0.025%-wt.、0.05%-wt.、0.075%-wt. 和 0.1%-wt. 的重量浓度功能化和制备，然后使用高分辨率透射电子显微镜（HR -TEM)、场发射透射电子显微镜 (FE-SEM) 和能量色散 X 射线分析 (EDX)。混合物在 303 K 时的热物理性质被确定并用于研究的数值方面。在 ANSYS-FLUENT 中使用 5000 ≤ Re 的湍流对调制表面上的流动进行稳态二维分析  ≤ 15,000。该模型使用 Dittus-Boelter 方程进行验证，其平均误差为 9.840%。对于纳米颗粒的重量浓度为 0.025%-wt.、0.05%-wt.、0.075%-wt. 和 0.1%-wt.，传热分别增强了 13.181%、18.056%、22.033% 和 26.107%。水流和多壁碳纳米管-TIO ₂纳米复合物湍流动能，压力，速度，湍流强度轮廓，和速度向量被确定，并且相关性进行了从结果形成来预测DW和多壁碳纳米管，氧化钛的平均努塞尔数₂作为纳米颗粒重量浓度的函数。