ABSTRACT

Electric vehicle (EV) fast-charging stations (CSs) with innovative operation management strategies can help to meet the growing EV charging needs. Despite the short charging time associated with the fast charging of EVs, massive deployment of plugged-in EVs for fast charging triggers network surges in the distributed network. Nevertheless, these challenges can be effectively addressed with appropriate EV admission control, charging resource allocation, and coordinated charging strategies. This work proposes an innovative EV-CS operation mechanism that maximizes the CS profit by allowing fast charging EVs to access the CS opportunistically without stressing the distributed network. Furthermore, a queue is employed in the dynamic resource allocation process to favor more fast charging requests through buffering non-critical slow charging EVs, as fast charging users would otherwise be blocked or forcibly terminated. Performance of the proposed priority-based charging coordination is analyzed in terms of the optimum utilization of demand limit, charging completion rate, and charging station utilization. Therefore, it keeps the average charging station utilization above 90% at higher arrival rates of EVs while the distribution transformer is being loaded only up to 50% of its rated capacity. Moreover, the blocking and forced termination probabilities of fast charging users are used to evaluate the service quality of EV charging. The presented dynamic resource allocation and charging coordination strategies for heterogeneous EV traffic maximize the CS profit while assuring quality service to EV users without stressing the distributed network.

摘要

具有创新运营管理策略的电动汽车 (EV) 快速充电站 (CS) 有助于满足不断增长的电动汽车充电需求。尽管与电动汽车的快速充电相关的充电时间很短，但大规模部署用于快速充电的插电式电动汽车会引发分布式网络中的网络浪涌。尽管如此，这些挑战可以通过适当的电动汽车准入控制、充电资源分配和协调的充电策略来有效解决。这项工作提出了一种创新的 EV-CS 运行机制，通过允许快速充电的 EV 机会性地访问 CS 而不会对分布式网络施加压力，从而最大化 CS 的利润。此外，在动态资源分配过程中采用队列，通过缓冲非关键的慢速充电 EV 来支持更多的快速充电请求，因为快速充电用户将被阻止或强行终止。从需求限制的最佳利用、充电完成率和充电站利用率方面分析了所提出的基于优先级的充电协调的性能。因此，它可以在电动汽车到达率较高的情况下将充电站的平均利用率保持在 90% 以上，而配电变压器的负载仅达到其额定容量的 50%。此外，通过快速充电用户的阻塞和强制终止概率来评估电动汽车充电的服务质量。所提出的异构 EV 流量的动态资源分配和充电协调策略使 CS 利润最大化，同时在不给分布式网络带来压力的情况下确保为 EV 用户提供优质服务。