Background

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a widely used non-invasive brain stimulation method. However, its mechanism of action and the neural response to TMS are still poorly understood. Multi-scale modeling can complement experimental research to study the subcellular neural effects of TMS. At the macroscopic level, sophisticated numerical models exist to estimate the induced electric fields. However, multi-scale computational modeling approaches to predict TMS cellular and subcellular responses, crucial to understanding TMS plasticity inducing protocols, are not available so far.

Objective

We develop an open-source multi-scale toolbox Neuron Modeling for TMS (NeMo-TMS) to address this problem.

Methods

NeMo-TMS generates accurate neuron models from morphological reconstructions, couples them to the external electric fields induced by TMS, and simulates the cellular and subcellular responses of single-pulse and repetitive TMS.

Results

We provide examples showing some of the capabilities of the toolbox.

Conclusion

NeMo-TMS toolbox allows researchers a previously not available level of detail and precision in realistically modeling the physical and physiological effects of TMS.

中文翻译：

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经颅磁刺激下单神经元和亚细胞活动的多尺度建模工具箱

背景

经颅磁刺激（TMS）是一种广泛使用的非侵入性脑刺激方法。然而，其作用机制和对 TMS 的神经反应仍知之甚少。多尺度建模可以补充实验研究，以研究 TMS 的亚细胞神经效应。在宏观层面上，存在复杂的数值模型来估计感应电场。然而，目前还没有用于预测 TMS 细胞和亚细胞反应的多尺度计算建模方法，这对于理解 TMS 可塑性诱导方案至关重要。

客观的

我们开发了一个开源多尺度工具箱Neuron Modeling for TMS ( NeMo-TMS ) 来解决这个问题。

方法

NeMo-TMS通过形态重建生成精确的神经元模型，将其与 TMS 诱导的外部电场耦合，并模拟单脉冲和重复 TMS 的细胞和亚细胞反应。

结果

我们提供示例来展示该工具箱的一些功能。

结论

NeMo-TMS工具箱使研究人员能够以前所未有的细节和精度水平真实地模拟 TMS 的物理和生理效应。