Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is the most common complication after cataract surgery and is likely to cause the second loss of vision. Pharmacological PCO prophylaxis has been proved to be effective, yet no clinical option is available due to the lack of a suitable mode of administration. In this work, we propose a unique concept of NIR dual-triggered drug release from black phosphorus (BP)-based implantable intraocular lens (IOL) for controlled drug release and chemo-photothermal combination therapy of PCO. Here, IOL is used as a “reservoir” of doxorubicin-loaded black phosphorus (BP-DOX), and BP is used as NIR activation agent for controlled drug release and photothermal therapy. This BP-DOX integrated IOL, namely BP-DOX@IOL, shows the characteristics of good transmittance, good mechanical property, NIR dual-triggered drug release behaviors, and excellent photothermal efficacy. In vivo studies reveal that there is no PCO occurrence in rabbits' model by using BP-DOX@IOL combined NIR irradiation, which exhibits distinct superiority on inhibiting PCO than the control group (100% PCO occurrence) 28 days post-surgery. This novel IOL drug delivery system would be a promising strategy for the future clinical application for PCO prophylaxis and treatment.

后囊膜混浊 (PCO) 是白内障手术后最常见的并发症，可能会导致第二次失明。药理学 PCO 预防已被证明是有效的，但由于缺乏合适的给药方式，还没有可用的临床选择。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种独特的基于黑磷 (BP) 的可植入人工晶状体 (IOL) 的 NIR 双触发药物释放概念，用于 PCO 的药物控制释放和化学光热联合治疗。在这里，IOL 被用作载有阿霉素的黑磷 (BP-DOX) 的“蓄水池”，BP 被用作 NIR 活化剂，用于药物控释和光热治疗。这种BP-DOX集成IOL，即BP-DOX@IOL，具有透光率好、力学性能好、近红外双触发药物释放行为和优异的光热效应。体内研究表明，使用BP-DOX@IOL联合NIR照射在兔模型中未发生PCO，在术后28天抑制PCO的效果明显优于对照组（100%发生PCO）。这种新型人工晶状体给药系统将是未来 PCO 预防和治疗临床应用的有前景的策略。